Directory
1, the practice of fish】 【saliva
2, the practice of boiled fish】 【
3, the practice of fried fish】 【
4, the practice of steamed fish】 【sea
5, the practice】 【cod
6, the practice of sweet and sour fish】 【
7, 【 ],[br>
11, 【【】 practice of sweet and sour crispy fish
12, the practice of fish head】 【
13, 【】 firewood to the practice of fish
14, the practice】 【squirrel mandarin fish
15, the practice】 【Beer Fish
16, 【】 mandarin fish, the practice dates
1, the practice of fish】 【saliva
materials: a flower silver carp, two spoons of starch, about half of the two fried peanuts, cooked two spoons of white sesame seeds, ginger a small piece of a garlic, onion five, two spoons of lobster sauce, three tablespoons of cooking wine, soy sauce, two spoons, a tablespoon of vinegar, a spoonful of sugar, oil hot pepper or two, two spoons pepper oil, salt, MSG amount, a tablespoon of sesame oil.
1, Clean the fish pieces into pieces, salt, cooking wine marinate a few minutes, add water, starch and mix yards taste, fried chop crushed peanuts, chopped lobster sauce, onion, garlic, ginger mince.
2, pot heat the oil till the Liucheng, into the lobster sauce, ginger, garlic Stir flavor.
3, in a large pot add salt, MSG, sugar, soy sauce, vinegar, ginger and garlic fried in lobster sauce, oil pepper, pepper oil, sesame oil, stir fried and turned into peanut sauce .
4, put the oil pan set each Zhisi Cheng burning hot, add fish fry slip loose.
5, remove and drain the oil into the bowl after.
6, topped with sauce, then sprinkled with sesame seeds cooked, chopped green onions Serve.
7, mix well
2, the practice of boiled fish】 【
(a)
1. buy carp fish, cut into fillets.
2. to the fish sizing (salt, monosodium glutamate, onion, ginger, wine, pepper, or if you prefer, you can put five-spice powder or other flavor you like)
3. a little water to a boil, add fish boiled (8 as can be), immediately remove. Parts pot, water will not.
4. will be a lot of (large) Heat oil and pepper, add some red pepper (depending on personal taste to set), until the pan in a little black pepper color, when the oil poured on fish above.
5. in the restaurant to eat boiled fish fillets often have a lot of underneath the yellow bean sprouts. Just above the fish shop in the bean sprouts and a layer of it. While he eat at home, then you can avoid the sprouts.
6. oil just poured go, because of high oil temperature, careful not to spill hot oil to your own, cooked the fish so the water storage appliances must be larger.
(b)
bean sprouts, or your favorite vegetables, ginger (a chunk, making Songqie piece), garlic (a, a little film you can, do not cut), onion amount, watercress (or Duojiao), pepper, red pepper, chili powder, salt, monosodium glutamate, pepper, cooking wine, soy sauce, vinegar and a little oil and it takes another: raw powder, cooking wine, a little salt, protein A
1, the fish will kill a good wash, chop off the head and tail, slice into the fish, and chop the remaining pieces of fish. The fish with salt, cooking wine, cornstarch, and a protein grasping uniform, marinate for 15 minutes. Fish head and tail and the other plate, using the same method pickled)
2, boil a pot of water to the cleaned bean sprouts, blanched in boiling water, fishing into the big tub in to taste a pinch of salt.
3, in a clean wok add three times the usual cooking oil, oil heat, add three tablespoons of Douban (or chop fried) until fragrant, add ginger, garlic, onions, peppercorns , chili powder and red pepper stir-fry over medium heat. The flavor was added and the fish head and tail, turn the fire, turn absorbed, add cooking wine and soy sauce, pepper, sugar amount, continue to stir fry a while, add some hot water, both salt and monosodium glutamate seasoning (to taste salty .) To be open water to keep fire, a piece of the fish into, casual aside with chopsticks, 3 to 5 minutes off the fire. All the cooked fish and bean sprout soup into the large bowl of just Sheng.
4, also take a clean pot, pour half a catty oil (oil depends on the specific size of containers ready to pour when the big tub, the subject of fish and bean sprouts all submerged, you can visually look .) Heat the oil until after the first turn off the heat to dry it. Then add lots of pepper and dried pepper (see the individual addicted to spicy level), low heat slowly Stir pepper and chili flavor. Not too much emphasis on fire to avoid fried paste.
5, peppers change color rapidly, immediately turn off the heat, the pot with oil and chilli pepper poured into the large bowl of fish, be careful hot!! eat!!
Note:
1, Zhu Yu is not appropriate amount of water to fish in place, just to be flooded. After cooked into the basin, some fish will be exposed outside.
2, Zhu Yu and chili pepper before the first part of the fried, the cooking time, you can fully extract the red pigment in pepper, the oil color bright red.
3, pickled fish, people should not put too much salt, would be salty, but also undermine the delicious fish.
4, I think, pepper and hot pepper are fragrant, so we should look at re-spilled oil speculation is better.
(c)
carp, pepper, pepper, red pepper, hot pepper (cut into small pieces about 2 cm), sugar, salt, MSG, bean sprouts, salad oil (preferably no peanut oil), wine knife (sharp knife), pot (iron), pots (deep basin)
1, clean the fish, pay attention to the inner wall of the fish belly black film must go to clean, and then from the tail, slice open the fish of a split in two, remove the fish bones from the tail end piece of the child, to a large, thin fillet is the best.
2, the good fish pieces adding the right amount of salt, pepper noodles, red pepper, mix well. In order to provide fresh, add a little sugar and MSG, plus a small amount of wine (preferably rice wine), pickled 20 to 30 minutes.
3, the washed bean sprouts washed in boiling water over about, ready to use.
4, pot put a lot of oil (LD distressed look good), 9 into the heat until the oil, add the marinated fish head first, then placed Zhashu basin filled with bean sprouts, and then Then put the right amount of meat in the pan, slide open to fishing after the basin filled with bean sprouts until the complete slide all the fish.
5, 8, deep fry the pepper into the pot when mature, into the pepper section of children, deep fry until deep red pepper, pour the entire pot filled with bean sprouts and fish to the pot , lost all the kitchen to diffuse the smell of boiled fish, complete.
(d) of boiled fish, the most simple way!
1. carp cleaned, sliced children. I cut thin enough, but, you know.
2. fillets with salt, tasty, not salty not eat!
3. make water, cooked the fish pieces to the cooked fish so far, not too old Yeah, about three minutes.
4. a separate pot, making oil, many, many oil, must be able to fish it all soaked into.
5. Prepare a large bowl, which put onion, ginger, garlic, bean sprouts, etc. Good copy.
6. the cooked fish on the bowl, and finally brought into the chili from the restaurant, pour hot oil.
3, 【】
practice of fried fish most commonly used materials: African carp, garlic, ginger, garlic. Cleaning the fish, add the garlic in the belly of the fish two, (garlic to shoot open). Stir the pan, add a little ginger, garlic. Hong copy after finishing a good fish into the pot clean. Note that too little oil, fish pot must be busy after the fire. Burst into the skin golden brown, then there is fragrance wafting. At this time, the fish with the push to the side of the pot, you can see the bottom of the pot still a little oil, garlic Wash and cut the stem right down to stir the pot several times, and then push to the fish and garlic together add salt, MSG, shoot a good number of garlic, add a little soy sauce, stir a few times, add water to cook ravioli (be careful not to add too much water, and the fire was not too busy.) Wait until the soup thickens, and add a little garlic tail. After the light can be a clean wok stir fry.
4, the practice of steamed fish】 【sea
fish, 1, 25 grams of mushrooms, ginger 25 grams, 15 grams of rice wine, sugar, salt, monosodium glutamate, bamboo shoot , cooked ham, sesame oil amount, pepper ① scraping scales to the fish gills, oral wash; ② the fish into the field plate put onions, ginger, mushrooms, bamboo shoots, ham, add rice wine, sugar , salt, monosodium glutamate, pepper, mixing with the body on the cage on the mandarin fish stir-steam about 15 minutes, came out, topped with sesame oil
5, the practice】 【cod
first approach: cod peeled and cut into small pieces change, salt, white pepper, lemon mix with. Brush butter on the steak, the oven, bake at 180 degrees Celsius temperature for 20 minutes, remove with a fire, until there are golden brown. Features: cod is a deep-sea fish, high nutritional value and taste fresh, no thorns, delicious butter.
second approach: 1, from the supermarket to buy chunks of Cod Fish, wash stand. 2, the steak to stab peeled, cut into inch square chunks. Pour the juice oozing. Add an egg, a little starch. And according to their own taste by adding spices, I usually put soy sauce, vinegar, cooking wine, salt and allspice. Mix well and set aside 5-10 minutes to allow the full tasty fish to be fried out. 4, I generally use olive oil to frying, color is beautiful. Jiao Jian Hao fish outside and tender inside, the entrance. You can also dip when eating salt and pepper or other seasoning you like. Try it, when the fish ingest, you must also send a glad sigh!
third approach: 1, raw: silver snow fish, yams, green peppers, onions, ginger; 2, spices: Lee Kum Kee chicken powder, cooking wine, salad oil, salt, broth, cornstarch; Method: 1. Peel the yam into pellets, cod and cut fine, green, red pepper cubes. 2. Pan put the oil pan, the next onion, ginger saute, then add cod, yams, green, red pepper, stir-fry until cooked with spices, can thicken pan; 4 characteristics: color, white, light and refreshing have completed the spleen and stomach, lung and kidney beneficial effect.
6, the practice of sweet and sour fish】 【
available fish species carp, grass carp, blackfish and so on.
Daogong sweet and sour fish is very particular about the family to do just to play deep sweet and sour fish knives, and more open Jidao can, and should not be too particular about the knife.
make a good knife, fish, wine and home spices (salt, monosodium glutamate, pepper) seasoning, and then wash hydroplaning clean, the smell of fish remains, drain the water after the bomb into the pan until crispy fried up.
relatively large amount of oil, or fried fish easy to fall apart. And then use the tomato sauce and white vinegar, sugar, with a small amount of salt, thicken sauce, pour in the fried fish.
a fragrant, bright red sweet and sour fish can serve. Sweet and sour fish, sweet taste with a tart features, tasteless fish, hook juice rich, no longer have the taste of fish.
7, braised fish 【】
general approach can be used to roast the fish for more species, like carp, grass carp, crucian carp, tilapia, etc. can be.
to clean the fish kill took a knife fight.
braised fish knife is a vertical cut, the fish was massive. Look inside the frying pan first, the oil amount not too much.
and then to the soup to the pot (chicken soup or the pork chop soup) seasoning, then add soy sauce.
other pot temperature rose up, adding a small amount of vinegar (vinegar is very important, essential. not only play a role in softening of fish bone, as well as the effectiveness of fishy.)
burning time is usually about five minutes. After burning, the pot only part of the broth has been concentrated juice, the color was dark red, because the process of stew, so the comparison tasty braised fish and sour.
braised fish is tender and the taste characteristics of melted, rich, suitable for any crowd.
8, the practice of pickled fish】 【
a famous dish in Sichuan. It is a decoction with the, Generally with green grass carp fish species, grass carp, fat top.
boneless fish washed, sliced, then salt, MSG will fillet marinated, then corn starch sizing. Then wash the sauerkraut. (Note: Large supermarket selling pickled cabbage).
pan put a small amount of oil, fry ginger, garlic, fried and then put sauerkraut, plus stock. Cook sauerkraut first two minutes, to taste fine, and then the fish into the pot, boil for two minutes or cooked.
taste like to eat Sichuan Ma's friends also put some pepper into it.
9, the practice of fish pepper】 【
materials: meat, fish (carp, grass carp, carp, only fish), mushroom (Qing Sun tablets) amount, dried pepper, pepper
1, pickled fish: the fish, cut into thin slices, salt, soy sauce, chicken, starch and egg and mix well, marinate 15-30 minutes.
2, do the end of material: the mushroom (Qing Sun film) boiled, remove and put the soup (fish with large pots) inside.
3, hot fish: into the home in the broth, salt, ginger, chicken seasoning. After the soup until boiling, add the marinated fish. Nine mature mats have been poured into a soup mushroom (Qing Sun-chip) in the punch bowl.
4, flavoring do: put the oil the wok, add a little heat to dry pepper, stir fry a few (can not be delayed, or dried pepper black, color is not good), then add pepper, the same stir fry a few (can not be delayed, or pepper is easy to become bitter, taste bad).
5, pot: the flavor into the fish feed on. To table.
features: fresh fish, entrance, incense and hemp and spicy!
10, the practice】 【Scallion
fish a perch about a pound more than you can, wash clean and peel; ginger, peeled and cut into several pieces; onions, finely chopped , semi-saucer; soy sauce, rice wine, vinegar, soy sauce, salt, monosodium glutamate
second step, the steamed sea bass body parallel to the first cut in the number of knives, not too deep, over and also cut the rice wine, salt, MSG even wipe the fish, the fish stuffed opening flat on a plate of ginger to put the pot steaming pot of water not too much, about 20-30 minutes, the amount of
third step, refueling; fish eyes when striking almost steamed. Remove from heat at this time, the plate would have some juice, drained some, sprinkle green onions, add appropriate amount of soy sauce, vinegar and remaining water drained into the pot, from the hot oil, emerging oil and gas, and oil is poured evenly on the fish.
11, 【】 practice of sweet and sour crispy fish, fresh fish
1000 grams, 70 grams of vegetable oil, soy sauce, 45 ml, 20 ml wine vinegar 50 ml, 2.5 pepper grams, 6 grams of salt, MSG 2 grams, 100 grams sugar, 10 grams of chopped green onion, ginger 5 grams of rice, garlic 15 grams, 15 grams of starch.
1. the fish to the scales, gills, eviscerating wash, two labeled peony knife, with onions, ginger (Paisui), salt, cooking wine, pepper, after picking tasty addition to onions, ginger , water, starch shoot well.
2. 7 into a hot burning oil, fish Zhashu pot, remove. Heat the oil until the fish to 8 into a complex and deep fry crisp when the plate.
3. pot stay in base oil, the next green onion, ginger, rice, garlic, soy sauce, salt, cooking wine, pepper, MSG, sugar, vinegar, until sauce thicken when open, into the boiling oil, the juice pouring Serve the fish evenly.
Characteristics: golden red, crisp outside, tender, sweet, salty.
12, the practice of fish head】 【
fresh fat head (also known as male, the bulk of the fish) the head of a Special Note: the head must be fresh, placed in the refrigerator for too long. Fine Pepper, ginger, monosodium glutamate (or chicken), cooking oil, steamed fish soy sauce, soy sauce
1, will head cut open, to cheek wash, drain into the dish.
2, the delicate surface of chopped hot pepper evenly spread in the head (can decide how many flavors).
3, D with ginger, salt (small amount, because there are great Duojiao salt), MSG, soy sauce steamed fish, cooking oil and a small amount of water.
4, will be Sheng cold fish plate into the steamer (avoid high pressure, hot pot), raging fire, steaming after a big steam 8-10 minutes.
5, pot, topped with a tablespoon of soy sauce, then dotted with small shallot.
13, the practice of the fish pot】 【
fresh grass carp 1 (about 1500 g) or flowers of silver carp (2000 grams), 300 grams of pot at the end material, Pixian Douban 200 grams, 250 grams of the end of pickled pepper, ginger foam, 150 grams, 15 grams of dried chili festival, lobster end of 35 grams, 30 grams of ginger pieces, soak sauerkraut 100 grams, 4 grams of pepper, garlic 30 grams, 100 grams of onion section, 40 grams of soy pastry, chicken 20 grams, 15 grams of MSG, 25 grams of white wine, Salt to taste, sugar 8 grams, 100 grams of cooking wine (or beer, half bottle), 60 grams of soy stem cells, 800 grams of salad oil.
1, after the slaughter of fish net rule, tick the next two net meat, Tiqu ventral spine, using oblique blade cut into 2 cm thick blocks of tile-shaped large; Zhancheng large fish bones, fish head split into 4-6 pieces, add a little salt, a few yards taste of liquor, washed with water to the steak on the bloody mucus, and then stick thin uniform dry corn flour. Bubble sliced pickled cabbage, green onions cut into 6 cm segments.
2, set each on a pot, pour hot oil till the Liucheng, first under the garlic, pepper until fragrant, then the next Pixian soybean paste, hot pepper, hot ginger, black bean puree, ginger pieces saute, and then the fish bones, fish were placed in the pot; to be solidified forming the surface of fish, 1,500 grams of water rate increases, then add cooking wine, pot bottom material, dry chili festival, chicken, monosodium glutamate, salt, sugar , onion festival and other spices, into the pot pot pot, and finally thrown into the crisp beans and serve. Zhan Shi fish dish with a dry oil. Dried red pepper oil with a dry dish, cooked white sesame seeds, crisp flowers Ren broken teeth, MSG, small green onion, coriander, hot pot soup modulation.
red silver carp, tomatoes, sweet potato powder, salt, soy sauce, sesame oil
1, the preliminary work: red silver carp and cut into sections (preferably 3 cm wide, 7 cm long, do not cut too short Otherwise, fish bone thin and long) washed, placed in a bowl with soy sauce marinade tasty. Soak for at least half an hour, during which to flip several times, so that full access to fish sauce.
2, when cooking: tomatoes clean cuts.
3, first put a little oil, add a little salt and sauté about tomatoes. Then into the water, wait for it to boil. (Some people find red silver carp compared fishy, you can add ginger.)
4, when the water in the other, put some sweet potato powder in a bowl, add a little bit of water, to melt, into a paste shape. The steak to the fully contaminated with sweet potato powder. (Very easy of sweet potato flour, little by little, so be sure to add water, do not look at adding a lot of water.)
5, the water boiled, the fish piece by piece into the pot, turning as needed add a little salt. Maximum of 3 minutes, you can install the pot.
6, add a little sesame oil, taste more delicious.
13, 【】 wood approach the fish
200 grams of fresh fish, water, 75 grams of mushrooms, bamboo shoots 50 grams, 25 grams of cooked ham, leek leaf amount, fresh ginger 25 grams, 50 grams lard, 25 grams of cooking wine, chicken oil 25 grams, 50 grams of water, starch, pepper, salt, MSG, chicken broth, onion ginger sauce the right amount.
1. meat cut into 3 cm long thick wire, plus wine, onion ginger juice, salt, monosodium glutamate salt tasty;
2. mushrooms, bamboo shoots, ham, ginger cut filaments were ;
3. with leaves of the ginger and garlic, ham silk, mushrooms, fishing line tied together, were divided into 24 bundles;
4. a knife to cut two, neat row into the bowl, add chicken broth, salt, monosodium glutamate, onion ginger juice, lard, cooking wine, pepper on Long Ti steamed, code tidy, the fish head, fish tail boiled water is good, reset;
5 . steamed fish main ingredient purified, into the pot boiling, water, starch, starch, pour in the fish were on the oil can be poured.
characteristics: fat and tender and delicate, taste delicious cuisine: Hunan
14, the practice of mandarin fish】 【squirrel mandarin fish
Nixon sub-200 grams of cooking wine 2 10 grams of pepper vegetable oil, tomato sauce 500 g 10 g wet starch 40 grams (actual consumption of 50 grams) 15 grams of salt amount of vinegar
1. The mandarin fish to the scales, gills, fins, internal organs, remove the head of the leather, wash, the head Zhanxia, spread out, flat shot. Fish knife to cut off the back of the fish bone (do not cut the belly of the fish breaking), leaving about 1 in the rain at the tail of the spine. Mandarin fish bone, the skin down spread, cut flowers with oblique knife knife, knife meat deep 4 / 5, do not cut broken skin, open a port in the tail, and pull the tail from the edge.
2. Sprinkle the salt fish, pepper, cooking wine, wet starch (a little) smooth evenly.
3. Frying pan get angry, after the Heat into the vegetable oil, oil heat to Qicheng, the mandarin fish dipped in a little starch, put the pan fried a few minutes, then head dipped starch into the pan fried, deep fry golden brown, remove, will have spent upward side of a knife placed in the fish dish, and put on the head.
4. The pine nuts on the pan until cooked, remove and put in small bowl. 5. Heat some oil in wok, add a little broth, add salt, sugar, tomato paste, vinegar, boiling, the use of wet starch thicken, add hot oil to push even a little, pour in the fish on the pan, sprinkle with pine nuts that is be.
15, the practice】 【Beer Fish
fish (tender meat is better) Accessories: green peppers, tomatoes; salt, cooking wine, peanut oil, beer, soy sauce, soy sauce, oyster sauce, onion ginger, chicken powder, MSG
1, Wash the fish to the five internal organs, tomatoes, green peppers cut into pieces;
2, wok, pour point oil heat Add fish and after about;
3, ignition pot sit, pour oil into the fish Jian Hao, add onions, ginger, green peppers, beer, oyster sauce, cooking wine, soy sauce, chicken, salt , chicken soup simmered for 5 minutes the fire, boil after adding tomatoes, sesame oil.
16, the practice dates 【】 Mandarin fish net fish
200 grams. Ingredients: 150 grams of rapeseed leaf. Cooking wine 10 grams, 1 gram of salt, 3 egg, 20 grams of dry corn flour, a little flour, a little red yeast powder, peanut oil 500 grams (about consumption of 30 grams.)
1. to net fish pieces into a thick 3-chip, cut into 1-inch wide rectangular bar 3 points, in a bowl, add wine, salt, a little different, marinate 5 minutes. Rape leaves washed with water, cut into filaments.
2. the egg into the dish, with chopsticks taken out and was snow-white foam, then add corn flour, mix into Korea powder, divided in two bowls, one bowl add red yeast powder, mix well red.
3. sit stir the pot, into 250 grams of peanut oil, till the Qicheng heat, into the rape under the wire, into pieces when you remove and control Absolute dark red, and threw in the disc.
4. sit stir the pot, into 500 grams of peanut oil, burning Zhisi Cheng hot, the fish will be asked to stick a layer of flour, and then divided into two: one coated in Korea paste stir the pot with warm oil into the Zhashu remove, control absolutes; to another fish sticks coated in Korea containing red yeast powder paste into the pot with warm fried cooked song, remove and control oil purifier, rape in the disc loose on both sides of the above sub-code the red and white fish sticks, fish, ducks Serve date style.
Wednesday, March 30, 2011
Lonely lonely
One person alone exposure to the language barrier that exchange of poor country
strange and lonely because of blind persons
exposure to sound the crowd
not it is because
Identify with the lonely
withdrawn by the person and the company of cheerful
it is because understanding is not alone
. . . . . .
Like attracts like people in groups
Perhaps it is because everything in the universe are afraid of loneliness sake
have a feeling that no one understands no one
agree
it is because < br> lonely and alone
really want to return to their own country , where it has
freedom of communication is willing to associate with people with the same blind it
Empathy that can
would prefer to be left alone so it
alone but perhaps not so obvious
. . . . . .
is eager to find the same emotion , where crowds have
own heart .
strange and lonely because of blind persons
exposure to sound the crowd
not it is because
Identify with the lonely
withdrawn by the person and the company of cheerful
it is because understanding is not alone
. . . . . .
Like attracts like people in groups
Perhaps it is because everything in the universe are afraid of loneliness sake
have a feeling that no one understands no one
agree
it is because < br> lonely and alone
really want to return to their own country , where it has
freedom of communication is willing to associate with people with the same blind it
Empathy that can
would prefer to be left alone so it
alone but perhaps not so obvious
. . . . . .
is eager to find the same emotion , where crowds have
own heart .
Tuesday, March 29, 2011
Before the age of 35 must- 9 in the habit of success
Abstract psychology masters article James wrote: sow an action, reap a habit; sow a habit, reap a character; sow a character, reap a destiny. For success, the 35-year-old used to take the necessary habits of 9.
】 【body good habit to make the unexpected success. I think the good habit of following a successful nine essential:
(1) the good habit of positive thinking there was a scholar
Beijing exam the third time, living in a regular live store. Two days before the exam he has done three dreams: The first dream is the dream of their own kinds of cabbage in the wall, the second dream is a rainy day, he wore hats also an umbrella, and the third dream is the dream with love cousin lying naked together, but Beikaozhebei. Linkao the occasion to do this dream, it seems that some meaning, and the scholar's dream and the next day to find fortune. Fortune-telling one, shooting the thigh, said: Think about it, growing vegetables is not high on the wall futile it? Wearing hats umbrellas not bother it? With his cousin lying on a bed naked, but back to back, not the game is it? Shop owner is very odd, and asked: How to go home the day?
I would think, you're going to comprehensive examinations. Think about it, the wall is not high vegetable species? Not wearing umbrella hats double insurance? With your cousin back to back in bed naked, not saying you should stand up to the time it?
can see the thing itself does not affect people, people only by their own views on the impact of things, people must change the passive habits of thinking, to develop positive thinking habits.
How should develop a positive thinking habit? When you are in the process of achieving goals in the face of specific work and tasks, your brain removed the you develop the habit of positive thinking.
(2) a good and efficient work habits of a person
strong desire to succeed, then, will be detrimental to the success of the pieces used, and integration into the mediocrity of daily life. So, of decision behavior, behavior form habits, habits decide character, character determines destiny. You want to succeed, we must develop efficient work habits.
used to determine whether your work is efficient, if conducive to the successful, I think this standard can be used to test: that the prosecution province of their own work, whether you are worried about unfinished work, that is, anxious feeling. If you should do and not do, or do not yet finished, and often feel anxious for this, it proves that you need to change work habits, to find and develop an efficient work habits.
start from the office to work efficiently:
1) Know your energetic day period. People usually around 9 o'clock in the morning works best, you can put the most difficult time to complete the work.
2) a day focused on one or two hours to process urgent work at hand, do not answer the phone, no meeting undisturbed. This can do more with less.
3) immediately reply to important messages, will be unimportant discarded. If any accumulation of piles of them, but more time-consuming.
4) make a list of tasks, all of the projects and the efficiency of the manual written in the agreement. Manual must be on hand to help with the efficiency of their own according to plan. The behavior of one person a day, about only 5% were non-habitual, while the remaining 95% of the behavior is habitual.
5) learn to efficiently use a spare minute to read something, or the idea of a file, not a trance or dream.
6) reduce the call back time. If you only need to pass a message may wish to send a SMS.
7) on a call may be aware, so that you look forward to receiving the phone call can quickly find all the required material, do not have to look at rummage chaos.
8) to learn the skills of searching the Internet efficiently to save time online searching. You often have to be collected in order to browse the site at any time to find.
9) use the Internet streamline business travel arrangements. Most hotels and flights to online inquiries and reservations.
10) can appoint someone else as long as circumstances permit sharing of work. Hands-on will make them tired, but never finish. May wish to ask my colleagues to help, or assistant to put more efforts.
11) to do a flexible schedule, when you need can be busy in the loaf. For example, in overtime at noon, and then leave the office an hour early to the gym, or work 10 hours a day, and then went to an appointment on Friday to see a doctor.
12) before leaving the office listed in the inventory of the work the next day, so the next morning case, we can go all out.
program used to equal its success.
plan everything the Americans have named John Goddard, when he was 15 years old, put their life out to do a list, called Orderly arranged in this list, he gave himself to be overcome in the 127 target. For example, explore the Nile, climb the Himalayas, reading Shakespeare, writing a book and so on. 44 years later, he superhuman courage and extraordinary perseverance, hard struggle with the fate, the last according to plan, step by step to achieve the 106 goal, to become a highly successful film producer, writer and speaker.
old Chinese saying:
(3) to develop the good habit of exercise
used to enhance health awareness
plan, equivalent to its success. If you want a career, you must have a healthy body; want to be healthy, first of all to have health awareness.
I know a university teacher, the body has been very healthy. Earlier, we often play together. Turning to the physical condition of each, he said, occasionally a slight kidney discomfort. We persuaded him to the hospital to check, but he counting on good health and did not mind. Until then feel more pain, the love of talent forced him to check. Diagnosis was of advanced kidney cancer. Despite chemotherapy, surgery and other treatment measures, but was unable to save the life and death only 39 years old. Earlier, His license school housing allocation, professional title unsatisfactory, the mood has been depressed, his illness and the emotions, but if his health conscious, as soon as possible to check, can completely prevent, eliminate risk in not sprout. Health awareness is poor, so the price he paid with his life.
how to implement the health consciousness? The first one is to have the life, health, awareness of the first, with that awareness, you will care of your body, your mental, and not arbitrarily ravaging his body. Second, we must be careful to take some relevant knowledge. Third is to make to have a response mechanism on the body: on a regular basis to the hospital for physical examination; the body does not feel the place, should try to go to hospital for an examination; in the conditional case, you can ask a health care practitioner, to make their own health advice.
planned to exercise the importance of physical exercise has been increasingly accepted by people, but I feel that many people only stay in the importance of awareness stage, and the lack of appropriate action. I think that the exercise should not only working posture can lead to specific diseases destination corresponding to the appropriate disease prevention and treatment, it should also take as a fun exercise, to develop the habit of exercising.
because of the need, I often work with clients, and in dealing with the sudden buzz about things, which to some extent play the role of exercise, but, I also swim once or twice a week, to ensure there is sufficient energy to do work, to enjoy life.
physical exercise, the same as to strive for success, Guizaijianchi.
addition to the above two points to pay attention to diet, reasonable diet, and pay attention to develop good health habits, and develop healthy habits are an integral part.
In short, the health Health achievements of their own.
(4) the good habit of continuous learning
Harry Truman was president in American history known. He did not read the university, had to farm, then run a cloth store, has gone through many failures, and when he finally government posts, has been over Pentecost. But he has a good habit of constantly reading. Many years of reading, so Truman's extremely knowledgeable. He read a roll of a roll of the In addition, he read all of William Shakespeare's plays and sonnets and so on.
Truman's extensive reading and the resultant wealth of knowledge to enable him to lead the United States survive the end of World War II period, and to quickly enter the post-war prosperity of the country. He knows how to read is to become the first leader of the foundation. Study also made him in the face of controversial, difficult issues, can quickly make the right decision. For example, in the 20th century, 50 years he withstood pressure to bring people respected war hero, General Douglas MacArthur dismissed.
his motto was: Because they know that a mastery of knowledge is the master key to open the door to the future. The world's 500 largest enterprises of the CEO at least about 30 each week to read magazines or books information, more than 100 a month to read the magazine, more than a year to read 1000.
the world's 500 largest enterprises of the CEO at least about 30 each week to read magazines or books information, more than 100 a month to read the magazine, more than a year to read 1000. If you read 15 minutes a day, you have probably read in a book within a month. At least one year you will read 12 books, and 10 years later, you will have read 120 books in total! Think about it 15 minutes a day need to take time, you can easily read 120 books, which can help you in all aspects of life become more wealthy. If you spend twice the time, which is half an hour, then will be able to read 25 books a year - 10 years is 250!
I feel like every successful person before the age of 35, at least read a book a month or two magazines.
(5) the good habit of humility
no reason not to humble a person. Compared in terms of human knowledge, Renhe Bo scholars can only be failed.
famous scientist Faraday later years, the state prepared to grant him knighthood, in recognition of his physics, chemistry outstanding contribution, but which he refused. Faraday retirement, is still frequented by a number of laboratories doing chores. One day, a young man to laboratory experiments. He is sweeping the Faraday said: Old man? Young man exclaimed: You, Mr. Faraday is great!
(6) made a good habit
have any success has a remarkable self-control.
Three Kingdoms period, Zhuge Liang Shu Prime Minister personally led the army of the Northern Expedition of Shu Wei, Sima Yi took the city off the truce, to ignore the attitude of dealing with Zhuge Liang. In his view, Shu Army struck all the way, back-up supply must be inadequate, as long as the delay time, the strength of consumption Shu Army, will be able to seize the opportunity to defeat the enemy.
tactical silence Zhuge Liang Sima Yi knew the stakes, to send troops to the city several times under the Ma Zhen, an attempt to provoke Wei Bing, a decisive battle to lure out of the city Sima Yi, but Sima Yi has been on hold. So by attempting to rally Zhuge Liang, Sima Yi sent a sent a woman to dress, and Xiushuyifeng said: If you are a sense of shame of the man, to come out and Shu Army at war, if not, you put this woman's clothes.
rally a few months, Zhuge Liang passed away unfortunately, the military, Shu Army rudderless, quietly retreat, Sima Yi win without fighting.
irrepressible emotions, often wounding and Sima Yi can not hurt if the patient had a moment of anger, out of the city fight, then perhaps history will be rewritten.
modern society, more and more people are faced with the temptation, if people lack self-control, then the temptation will be led by the nose, deviated from the track of success.
(7) humor, the good habit of
It is said that men need humor, like a woman needs is as important as a pretty face.
men need humor, like a woman needs is as important as a pretty face. Abraham Lincoln the 16th President of the United States looks ugly, but he never taboo that, on the contrary, he often took his own appearance humor joke. In the presidential campaign, his opponents attacked his duplicity, intrigue and conspire. Lincoln listened to his face, pointing, said: If I had another face, I will use now this one?
not sent a man without humor, but the good humor of the man must be a good person, and good humor is a woman of rare animals.
(8) the good habit of
smile smile is generous, quiet performance, but also exchanges of passes.
the world famous Hilton Hotel, the founder of the Hilton beginning a business, after years of exploration, finally found a simple, easy, do not spend the capital of the business secret - a smile. Since then, he asked all staff: the hotel itself, no matter what difficulties encountered, the Hilton hotel waiter smiles the sun will always belong to the customer. This bunch of
developed countries in Europe and America, people have to nod and smile to meet, so that people feel very warm to each other. In China, if you are in the street Miss Xiang Yige smile, then you may be said to be Learning from the West, let us extend each other smile.
ancient times, dedicated to all successful people one of the most important quality.
(9) work, and enjoy the good habit of
dedicated people who want to succeed is to treat the basic requirements, a dedicated hard for people not engaged in his work make a difference. American Standard Oil
Achilles Butler has called the small staff, began and no cause for special attention. His professionalism particularly strong, always pay attention to maintain and promote corporate reputation. The total travel time in a hotel do not forget to write in his signature on the bottom, forget the words to write it. To this end, my colleagues call him This is the company's chairman and Rockefeller knew, he invited to dinner Achilles Butler, and called on staff to learn from him. Later, Achilles Butler became the second chairman of Standard Oil.
】 【body good habit to make the unexpected success. I think the good habit of following a successful nine essential:
(1) the good habit of positive thinking there was a scholar
Beijing exam the third time, living in a regular live store. Two days before the exam he has done three dreams: The first dream is the dream of their own kinds of cabbage in the wall, the second dream is a rainy day, he wore hats also an umbrella, and the third dream is the dream with love cousin lying naked together, but Beikaozhebei. Linkao the occasion to do this dream, it seems that some meaning, and the scholar's dream and the next day to find fortune. Fortune-telling one, shooting the thigh, said: Think about it, growing vegetables is not high on the wall futile it? Wearing hats umbrellas not bother it? With his cousin lying on a bed naked, but back to back, not the game is it? Shop owner is very odd, and asked: How to go home the day?
I would think, you're going to comprehensive examinations. Think about it, the wall is not high vegetable species? Not wearing umbrella hats double insurance? With your cousin back to back in bed naked, not saying you should stand up to the time it?
can see the thing itself does not affect people, people only by their own views on the impact of things, people must change the passive habits of thinking, to develop positive thinking habits.
How should develop a positive thinking habit? When you are in the process of achieving goals in the face of specific work and tasks, your brain removed the you develop the habit of positive thinking.
(2) a good and efficient work habits of a person
strong desire to succeed, then, will be detrimental to the success of the pieces used, and integration into the mediocrity of daily life. So, of decision behavior, behavior form habits, habits decide character, character determines destiny. You want to succeed, we must develop efficient work habits.
used to determine whether your work is efficient, if conducive to the successful, I think this standard can be used to test: that the prosecution province of their own work, whether you are worried about unfinished work, that is, anxious feeling. If you should do and not do, or do not yet finished, and often feel anxious for this, it proves that you need to change work habits, to find and develop an efficient work habits.
start from the office to work efficiently:
1) Know your energetic day period. People usually around 9 o'clock in the morning works best, you can put the most difficult time to complete the work.
2) a day focused on one or two hours to process urgent work at hand, do not answer the phone, no meeting undisturbed. This can do more with less.
3) immediately reply to important messages, will be unimportant discarded. If any accumulation of piles of them, but more time-consuming.
4) make a list of tasks, all of the projects and the efficiency of the manual written in the agreement. Manual must be on hand to help with the efficiency of their own according to plan. The behavior of one person a day, about only 5% were non-habitual, while the remaining 95% of the behavior is habitual.
5) learn to efficiently use a spare minute to read something, or the idea of a file, not a trance or dream.
6) reduce the call back time. If you only need to pass a message may wish to send a SMS.
7) on a call may be aware, so that you look forward to receiving the phone call can quickly find all the required material, do not have to look at rummage chaos.
8) to learn the skills of searching the Internet efficiently to save time online searching. You often have to be collected in order to browse the site at any time to find.
9) use the Internet streamline business travel arrangements. Most hotels and flights to online inquiries and reservations.
10) can appoint someone else as long as circumstances permit sharing of work. Hands-on will make them tired, but never finish. May wish to ask my colleagues to help, or assistant to put more efforts.
11) to do a flexible schedule, when you need can be busy in the loaf. For example, in overtime at noon, and then leave the office an hour early to the gym, or work 10 hours a day, and then went to an appointment on Friday to see a doctor.
12) before leaving the office listed in the inventory of the work the next day, so the next morning case, we can go all out.
program used to equal its success.
plan everything the Americans have named John Goddard, when he was 15 years old, put their life out to do a list, called Orderly arranged in this list, he gave himself to be overcome in the 127 target. For example, explore the Nile, climb the Himalayas, reading Shakespeare, writing a book and so on. 44 years later, he superhuman courage and extraordinary perseverance, hard struggle with the fate, the last according to plan, step by step to achieve the 106 goal, to become a highly successful film producer, writer and speaker.
old Chinese saying:
(3) to develop the good habit of exercise
used to enhance health awareness
plan, equivalent to its success. If you want a career, you must have a healthy body; want to be healthy, first of all to have health awareness.
I know a university teacher, the body has been very healthy. Earlier, we often play together. Turning to the physical condition of each, he said, occasionally a slight kidney discomfort. We persuaded him to the hospital to check, but he counting on good health and did not mind. Until then feel more pain, the love of talent forced him to check. Diagnosis was of advanced kidney cancer. Despite chemotherapy, surgery and other treatment measures, but was unable to save the life and death only 39 years old. Earlier, His license school housing allocation, professional title unsatisfactory, the mood has been depressed, his illness and the emotions, but if his health conscious, as soon as possible to check, can completely prevent, eliminate risk in not sprout. Health awareness is poor, so the price he paid with his life.
how to implement the health consciousness? The first one is to have the life, health, awareness of the first, with that awareness, you will care of your body, your mental, and not arbitrarily ravaging his body. Second, we must be careful to take some relevant knowledge. Third is to make to have a response mechanism on the body: on a regular basis to the hospital for physical examination; the body does not feel the place, should try to go to hospital for an examination; in the conditional case, you can ask a health care practitioner, to make their own health advice.
planned to exercise the importance of physical exercise has been increasingly accepted by people, but I feel that many people only stay in the importance of awareness stage, and the lack of appropriate action. I think that the exercise should not only working posture can lead to specific diseases destination corresponding to the appropriate disease prevention and treatment, it should also take as a fun exercise, to develop the habit of exercising.
because of the need, I often work with clients, and in dealing with the sudden buzz about things, which to some extent play the role of exercise, but, I also swim once or twice a week, to ensure there is sufficient energy to do work, to enjoy life.
physical exercise, the same as to strive for success, Guizaijianchi.
addition to the above two points to pay attention to diet, reasonable diet, and pay attention to develop good health habits, and develop healthy habits are an integral part.
In short, the health Health achievements of their own.
(4) the good habit of continuous learning
Harry Truman was president in American history known. He did not read the university, had to farm, then run a cloth store, has gone through many failures, and when he finally government posts, has been over Pentecost. But he has a good habit of constantly reading. Many years of reading, so Truman's extremely knowledgeable. He read a roll of a roll of the In addition, he read all of William Shakespeare's plays and sonnets and so on.
Truman's extensive reading and the resultant wealth of knowledge to enable him to lead the United States survive the end of World War II period, and to quickly enter the post-war prosperity of the country. He knows how to read is to become the first leader of the foundation. Study also made him in the face of controversial, difficult issues, can quickly make the right decision. For example, in the 20th century, 50 years he withstood pressure to bring people respected war hero, General Douglas MacArthur dismissed.
his motto was: Because they know that a mastery of knowledge is the master key to open the door to the future. The world's 500 largest enterprises of the CEO at least about 30 each week to read magazines or books information, more than 100 a month to read the magazine, more than a year to read 1000.
the world's 500 largest enterprises of the CEO at least about 30 each week to read magazines or books information, more than 100 a month to read the magazine, more than a year to read 1000. If you read 15 minutes a day, you have probably read in a book within a month. At least one year you will read 12 books, and 10 years later, you will have read 120 books in total! Think about it 15 minutes a day need to take time, you can easily read 120 books, which can help you in all aspects of life become more wealthy. If you spend twice the time, which is half an hour, then will be able to read 25 books a year - 10 years is 250!
I feel like every successful person before the age of 35, at least read a book a month or two magazines.
(5) the good habit of humility
no reason not to humble a person. Compared in terms of human knowledge, Renhe Bo scholars can only be failed.
famous scientist Faraday later years, the state prepared to grant him knighthood, in recognition of his physics, chemistry outstanding contribution, but which he refused. Faraday retirement, is still frequented by a number of laboratories doing chores. One day, a young man to laboratory experiments. He is sweeping the Faraday said: Old man? Young man exclaimed: You, Mr. Faraday is great!
(6) made a good habit
have any success has a remarkable self-control.
Three Kingdoms period, Zhuge Liang Shu Prime Minister personally led the army of the Northern Expedition of Shu Wei, Sima Yi took the city off the truce, to ignore the attitude of dealing with Zhuge Liang. In his view, Shu Army struck all the way, back-up supply must be inadequate, as long as the delay time, the strength of consumption Shu Army, will be able to seize the opportunity to defeat the enemy.
tactical silence Zhuge Liang Sima Yi knew the stakes, to send troops to the city several times under the Ma Zhen, an attempt to provoke Wei Bing, a decisive battle to lure out of the city Sima Yi, but Sima Yi has been on hold. So by attempting to rally Zhuge Liang, Sima Yi sent a sent a woman to dress, and Xiushuyifeng said: If you are a sense of shame of the man, to come out and Shu Army at war, if not, you put this woman's clothes.
rally a few months, Zhuge Liang passed away unfortunately, the military, Shu Army rudderless, quietly retreat, Sima Yi win without fighting.
irrepressible emotions, often wounding and Sima Yi can not hurt if the patient had a moment of anger, out of the city fight, then perhaps history will be rewritten.
modern society, more and more people are faced with the temptation, if people lack self-control, then the temptation will be led by the nose, deviated from the track of success.
(7) humor, the good habit of
It is said that men need humor, like a woman needs is as important as a pretty face.
men need humor, like a woman needs is as important as a pretty face. Abraham Lincoln the 16th President of the United States looks ugly, but he never taboo that, on the contrary, he often took his own appearance humor joke. In the presidential campaign, his opponents attacked his duplicity, intrigue and conspire. Lincoln listened to his face, pointing, said: If I had another face, I will use now this one?
not sent a man without humor, but the good humor of the man must be a good person, and good humor is a woman of rare animals.
(8) the good habit of
smile smile is generous, quiet performance, but also exchanges of passes.
the world famous Hilton Hotel, the founder of the Hilton beginning a business, after years of exploration, finally found a simple, easy, do not spend the capital of the business secret - a smile. Since then, he asked all staff: the hotel itself, no matter what difficulties encountered, the Hilton hotel waiter smiles the sun will always belong to the customer. This bunch of
developed countries in Europe and America, people have to nod and smile to meet, so that people feel very warm to each other. In China, if you are in the street Miss Xiang Yige smile, then you may be said to be Learning from the West, let us extend each other smile.
ancient times, dedicated to all successful people one of the most important quality.
(9) work, and enjoy the good habit of
dedicated people who want to succeed is to treat the basic requirements, a dedicated hard for people not engaged in his work make a difference. American Standard Oil
Achilles Butler has called the small staff, began and no cause for special attention. His professionalism particularly strong, always pay attention to maintain and promote corporate reputation. The total travel time in a hotel do not forget to write in his signature on the bottom, forget the words to write it. To this end, my colleagues call him This is the company's chairman and Rockefeller knew, he invited to dinner Achilles Butler, and called on staff to learn from him. Later, Achilles Butler became the second chairman of Standard Oil.
Sunday, March 27, 2011
Twenty three snacks introduced
Inadvertently found that the practice of snacks, their own look good, there are many like yourself have not seen or eaten. Look it is not difficult to log on friends finishing the space. Now posted for everyone to enjoy.
a meat Dragon -
material: pig meat, self-raising flour -
Seasoning: salt, cooking wine, allspice, sweet sauce, chicken powder, sesame oil, onion ginger at the end, eggs, soy sauce, soy sauce -
practices: -
1, self-raising flour 1 tablespoon warm water and sugar into the dough covered táng 10 minutes. -
2, continue to knead the dough all, cover and ferment until double in size, there is cellular. -
3, the pig meat, salt, cooking wine, allspice, sweet sauce, chicken powder, sesame oil, eggs, soy sauce, soy sauce, ginger, stir one direction. -
4, stuffing mix well then add chopped green onion. -
5, Divide the dough into fist-sized agent son, roll growth round tablets. -
6, will be spread on the surface film on the meat, covering 4 / 5 can, leaving 1 / 5 of the blank, about 2 centimeters wide of the left blank. -
7, roll up patches, leaving space sealing. Then both sides of the Pinch. -
8, the steamer into the tray cloth or coated with a layer of cooking oil, meat will continue long into the steamer tray Xing hair for 30 minutes. -
9, medium heat, water, medium heat for 20 minutes after opening. -
10, after the lid off the heat for 5 minutes then cut out. -
warmth tips: -
self raising flour to make soft pasta announced several key steps: -
1, warm water and surface. -
2, and face when you add 1 tablespoon of sugar to help táng hair. -
3, and made a good 10 minutes after the Xing and continue kneading the dough all. -
4, when the fermentation until double in size, made of pasta and continue Xing hair 30-40 minutes. -
5, in the heat until the water boiled, steamed medium heat. -
6, steamed not to rush to the pan, the pan off the heat for 5 minutes. -
-
Second, jasper cabbage roll -
materials: 6 cabbage leaves, carrot 1, 1 yellow pepper, spinach, 1 -
seasoning sauce: vinegar 5ML, 5 g sugar, Salt to taste, sesame oil 3ML, -
seasoning sauce will be transferred into the juice mixture of materials can be -
practices: -
1, material cleaned to Piqie Si carrot, yellow pepper cut filaments -
2, boil water, respectively, cabbage, carrots, spinach, boiled cooked -
3, spread out a cabbage leaf, will be carrots, spinach, silk, yellow silk of the put some pepper, roll up -
4, cut into 3 ~ 4CM of the pieces, topped with sauce -
-
three Congxiang fried Hanamaki -
materials: self raising flour, onion -
Seasoning: salt -
practices: -
1, self-raising flour with warm water and into a smooth dough, cover the lid Xing hair for 20 minutes. -
2, continue to knead the dough light until the dough to double in size. -
3, Divide the dough into fist-sized agent son, roll into 0.5CM thick patches, sprinkle salt are coated, pour a little cooking oil are coated, sprinkle with chopped scallions rolled patch. -
4, the curled tiles cut into 3 cm thick sub-agent, and then opened the lateral pull on the folded, twisted into a roll up two clenched into Hanamaki cannabis. -
5, will be rolled into the pan cover the lid Hanamaki continue Xing hair for 40 minutes. -
6, heat the pan over medium heat 1 minute to Hanamaki the bottom of the bowl into the water after yellowish cover the lid, over medium heat until the water dried, Hanamaki the bottom of the golden brown -
-
IV sauced noodles -
material: yellow, edible fungus, mushroom, meat, eggs -
seasonings: soy sauce, salt, sugar, chicken powder, sesame oil, starch -
practices: -
1. yellow, bubble fungus, mushroom torn into thin strips aside. -
2. meat with cooking wine, salt, dry starch, marinated for 10 minutes, beat the egg. -
3. oil heat, saute onion ginger, stir into the meat slip loose color, into yellow, edible fungus, mushroom stir fry evenly, into the water, the water did not have material shall prevail. -
4. The water boiled and cook for 10 minutes, add soy sauce, salt, sugar, seasonings water thickening starch hook for the first time. -
5. Kai Guo into the eggs, chopsticks, stir about, will play Dan Hua egg, thickening the second hook. -
6. Kai Guo Drizzle sesame oil, put chicken powder, pan gravy third hook. -
have to fight three times thicken brine, sauce not too thick, too thick a bad taste to just be wrapped around the face as well. Adding starch to a little bit of water, one should not add too much. Add a little sugar can play the role of fresh mention. -
-
V. foundry ginkgo -
this channel a small point, outside the sweet sweet, crisp outside and soft inside. -
approach: first ginkgo in the boiling water, cook the inside, introduced before: Because Ginkgo contains Ginkgo biloba and ginkgo phenolic acids, raw food can make people were poisoned. -
before cooking it to be soaked in warm water for several hours after the first, and then into the water line of the cooking pot and then cooked, so toxic substances dissolve in water and heat evaporation. -
1, ginkgo cooked in plain water to soak inside the spare! -
2, with a little boiled sugar gum, because it is done turn the sand, so do not put honey, just like the use of sugar! -
3, into the gel to the ginkgo later put into cooking. -
4, slightly after the turn off the heat dry the water, the use of the warmth pan shovel to make it from the sand. -
a crisp outside and turned the sand within the Gan ginkgo done! -
-
six, medlar liver spinach porridge -
ingredients: spinach, liver, ginger, rice, salt, chicken, sesame oil, medlar, onion, pepper -
practices: -
1, washed boiled rice porridge -
2, liver biopsy, flying fish out of water, rinse Xuemo stand -
3, shredded ginger, green onions cut foam, wolfberry with blisters open, scalded with boiling water fish out the spinach and cut into sections (in order to remove the oxalic acid in spinach inside) -
4, boil the porridge into the liver slices, spinach, ginger and salt, chicken powder, pepper seasoning into a bowl and pour the pan wolfberry a little sesame oil, then sprinkle onion foam. -
-
seven volumes of gold zombies
first introduce the practice of filling: -
practice: 1. Turnips one. pick Turnips time to pick the flat of Turnips, Turnips is enough so sweet, and no residue. -
2. Today is the pork with sauce sauce; -
3. sauté garlic, Jiarushage and the use of wine and salted fried chicken wire. -
4. to join a fan of cold water till soft. and then add the sauce with pork, column designate sauce, sesame oil, salt, sugar, a little. boil dry behind the pot, add sesame seeds and stems Wu Qian stir well. water can not put too much, do not cook too long, so fans become paste, -
because it is used for fillings, so the flavor a little better. -
egg mixture approach: two eggs, sesame, oil, and pepper, salt, sugar, flour, a little beaten egg mixture, sprinkle with onion Rong (chopped into Rong), dip into egg mixture, bread rolls inside, and then pick it up. -
three points to note: -
1. to eggs is not fishy, be sure to add pepper. -
2. salt, came alive again in the future to lay eggs. egg mixture until smooth fight. -
3 .. dip finished juice to the egg rolls will be dry until the drop down. -
This will be enough Dan Pi, and even golden. -
1. the fans and Turnips fried slice of bread into the stuffing, put garlic to open the folder, so garlic is too strong to disguise the Turnips of sweet taste, with a fresh leaf by Wu Qian Hong (do not like Wu Qian eating friends can hold.). -
2. After all roll with a toothpick stereotypes. -
3. to the pot boil, fry seam position. frying time to low heat, move the pot away from the rolls from time to time to prevent the stick pan zoom. -
4. fried then finished with a stand -
fry until golden Dan Pi change, can serve the. -
-
-
- VIII, fennel shrimp eggs Shui Jianbao -
material: anise, eggs, shrimp -
Seasoning: salt, chicken powder, sesame oil, five-spice powder -
practices: -
1, dumpling powder, add water, knead yeast are, Xing made 1 hour. -
2, add chopped fennel pieces of fried eggs, shrimp, salt, chicken powder, sesame oil, five-spice powder. -
3, surface is ready, pack into a bun, standing 40 minutes, again Xing hair. -
4, baking pan hot, add a little oil, put into the buns, cover cover. -
5, buns after the end of micro-focus to the water into the bowl, cover lid to the water boiled away, steamed brown immediately after the bottom. -
nine, sand and Apple -
Materials: Apple 1, 2 egg, a spoonful of starch, flour scoop, red bean paste amount, amount of sugar -
practices: -
1, apple, peeled, digging stone, cut into thick 0.3CM chip -
2, a set of two pieces of apple slices, in which a painted red bean paste, then put another piece of cover above the bean paste, gently pressed -
3, the clip of apple pieces coated with a good red bean flour -
4, beaten egg, stir, add a spoonful of starch and mix into egg mixture paste -
5, the oil till warm, the apples covered with egg, then into the pot until golden brown, remove and control the excess oil -
6, when to eat can sprinkle some sugar (apple and red bean paste is sweet, so whether to use sugar to free a) -
7, to be eaten while hot, cold, not tasty -
-
ten, grilled leeks -
material: chives, salt, cumin powder, chili powder, pepper, oil, white sesame seeds -
practices: -
1, leeks thoroughly. Pot of water boil, it will leek into the boiled, quickly remove and drain water -
2, twenty-three chives together, slowly roll up from the roots into volume, as far as possible and tight -
3, bamboo paper from the roll through the middle of a good leek -
4, leeks evenly on the brush roll a layer of oil, sprinkle with salt, cumin powder, pepper powder, white sesame seeds -
5, preheat oven to 180 degrees bake 3 minutes -
-
XI, agate egg -
materials: raw salted duck egg, egg (2 duck egg with a ratio of) -
practices: -
1, egg shells stripped, put the bowl on a steamer for 5 minutes, let cool and cut into small pieces -
2, duck egg wash, take a bowl to pick the egg white, raw duck eggs in a sharp, gently knocking a small hole, clean out the Dan Pi and film, revealing a small hole -
3, will go into a little bit small egg, stuffed with duck eggs at the same time will continue to clean out, just a small bowl into the prepared (cleared to cook with duck) -
4, half of the egg go into the basic filling up, almost to the hole sealed egg. When the plug can not be too hard, do not duck yolk racking -
5, the egg of the duck eggs are good stuffed in the bowl, on the steamer and steam for 20 minutes. Then put it to peel cut. -
Note: -
-
1, prior to egg steamed about is the fear of the yolk inside the relatively thin, steamed about it freezing, good cut -
2, steamed duck, when to duck gracefully in the bowl, hole up, coupled with the already filled with egg, the egg will not flow out. If you do not worry, you can seal the small hole on the layer of plastic wrap -
3, is salty duck eggs, egg's own taste, so do not sauce is very tasty -
-
second, beef pie -
materials: ground beef, flour -
Seasonings: wine, soy sauce, soy sauce, allspice, salt, fried bean sauce, chicken powder, sesame oil, green onion, ginger, egg white -
practices: -
1, the temperature of water plays into the flour and stir, hands bunched up into a smooth dough. Tray covered in dough on the wet cloth, Xing half an hour. -
2, ground beef into a large bowl, pour the wine, soy sauce, soy sauce, allspice, salt, fried bean sauce, chicken powder, egg white, ginger, amount of water and sesame oil, stir well preserved after 10 minutes. -
3, taking very light blue green onions, cut into the meat of the same size Unqualified, into the ground beef, stirring evenly. -
4, Divide the dough into fist-sized agent son, roll growth round tablets. -
5, will be spread on the surface film on the meat, covering 4 / 5 can, leaving 1 / 5 of the blank, about 2 centimeters wide of the left blank. -
6, roll up patches, leaving space sealing. Then both sides of the clenched hands, flatten the rolled dough. Gently press the meat should not be pressed out. -
7, pot and pour a little oil, over medium heat five as heat, add the bread into a small fire, double fry golden brown, if the bread is too large, you can cut consumption. -
warmth tips: -
1, meatloaf pork cut into small pieces can be used in place of ground beef at the end. -
2, the ratio of flour and water, 2:0.8. -
3, add a little allspice to taste. -
4, place ground beef in the fried bean sauce taste more special. Can also use the sweet sauce, miso instead, but the fried bean sauce taste better. -
5, carve meat, add in water and an egg white, can make the beef more tender, no fat wood. -
6, transfer the meat to the last place onions, Congxiang relatively mellow. -
-
thirteen, apple custard pie -
raw materials: 60 grams of flour 1 egg 20 grams sugar 40 grams butter 80ml milk half an apple, a little honey, cinnamon -
steps: -
1, sieve the flour into the bowl. -
2, knock eggs into the bowl, beaten egg. -
3, the coarse flour and stir into the liquid a few worried, and then the milk slowly into the flour several times, and change down while stirring the flour and milk and eggs to full integration into the batter and stir with chopsticks batter, can become a very fine line to shed a little off. -
4, then let stand for 10 minutes in the small lumps of flour will naturally eliminate -
5, Apple cut Xiaoding spare. -
6, the half of the butter (10 grams) with microwave heating for 30 seconds to thaw the basic function of melting -
7, where the apple mix and stir in 20 grams of sugar, if there is also sprinkle a little cinnamon and mix well, -
8, and then wrapped the apple butter in a microwave oven to a medium heat 3 minutes, remove, release will double the microwave oven and then heated a couple of minutes, in short, let Apple foam. -
9, remove the apples into the batter, and mix in the remaining 20 grams of sugar. -
10, the remaining melted butter into the pan, and brush evenly, a spoonful of batter and pour into the pot after the turn about, roll it into a Baohou uniform cake. -
11, Alice began to be edges of the edge of the cake, the cookies over and bake the other side, after half a minute can be sung out. -
12, before serving in the apple pie topped with a little honey on the taste better. -
-
XIV Crystal prime steamed -
material: Tofu 200 grams, 100 grams of pickled vegetables, dried mushroom 10, Cheng powder 200 grams, 30 grams starch, water 150ML -
practices: -
1, tofu cut into small pieces, and then go through the filter into the tofu clay -
2, Pickle had twice the water, drained -
3, dried mushrooms, soaked, boiled in water for two minutes, remove and drain water cut into small pieces -
4, three kinds of material mixed together, because there is a salty pickled vegetables, so you can not salt, the point a little sesame oil, pepper to taste -
5, Cheng powder and cornstarch mixture, placed in a container, pour boiling water, while the red side of the mixed approach and mix well, then knead the dough into the case of the board (of water according to the situation under control, do not fall all at once entry to prevent the dough is too sticky) -
6, according to the method dumplings stuffed into the can package. Dumpling dough as ordinary rubber band Cheng Road, easily broken, so do not pack too much stuffing -
7, will be wrapped dumplings into the boiling water pot, and steam for 5-6 minutes -
-
fifth, barracuda soup -
material: barracuda 1 carrot 1 -
spices: garlic, ginger 4g 4g 4g onion red pepper 2g 4g salt, pepper, cooking wine 10g 4g 2g milk chicken 2g -
practices: -
1, barracuda to the scales, gills, abdominal viscera, black film, cleaned, sliced carrots. -
2, the pot a little oil, add barracuda, fry until yellowish sides. -
3, add boiling water, put Jianhao barracuda, ginger, onion, garlic, red pepper, milk, high heat for 10 minutes. -
4, add carrots, simmer for 5 minutes. -
5, the last into the salt, cooking wine, pepper, chicken pan. -
-
sixteen, double mushrooms braised egg yolk -
material: Mushroom 70g egg yolk 70g fresh mushrooms two -
spices: salt, shallot 1g 2g 3g ginger chicken soup 2g 200g -
practices: -
1, mushroom cut out the roots, pick clean, fresh mushrooms, washed, cut into small pieces, cut onion rings to take leaves, ginger mince, cooked egg yolk to take a profile for the second backup. -
2, turn on the water boiling pot, mushroom, fresh mushroom hot pot of boiling water boil for a short bit. -
3, pan to the fire, into the oil pan, the next onion rings, ginger stir incense, into the chicken broth, salt, chicken seasoning, then add mushroom, fresh mushrooms, egg yolk, stew for 2 minutes can be. -
Tips: -
1, chicken broth if not, replace the taste of water will be discounted, the best chicken soup, chicken soup can not eat it if you are afraid, you can put a small box, respectively, into the freezer, easy to use. -
2, can mushroom, fresh mushrooms, other fungi can also be used instead -
-
seventh, Scallion pancake -
Materials: plain flour, eggs, green onion -
Seasoning: salt -
practices: -
1, flour with plain flour, do not use flour dumplings, dumpling powder compared chewiness, not suitable for pancakes. -
2,3 were the first to use plain flour 1 part water Jiaocheng gnocchi, and then into cold water and 0.5 were soft dough. Slowly add cold water, not once Cadogan. -
3, Xing dough and a good 30 minutes. -
4, to roll the dough into thin slices, sprinkle a layer of the right amount of salt, the salt in real hand. -
5, pour some oil patch, do not too much volume to the entire surface covered with a thin film of oil shall prevail. Bread roll when more oil overflows. -
6, sprinkle a layer of chopped green onion, a little patch will be rolled up, the volume was not too tight. -
7, will be rolled up and face reel, roll into a pie. -
8, green onion will face bursting point, it does not matter. -
9, likes to eat a little crisp in the baking pan in a thin wipe of oil, Luo Cheng golden on both sides. Like to eat a little soft, direct branding can be cooked. -
10, beat the egg, egg add a little salt. -
11, place baking pan in the oil, oil heat, pour half of the egg, the egg under the side of the solidified, into the baked good bread and eggs are solid surface after translation into the other half of the egg, Luo Cheng golden on both sides Sheng out after the cut. -
-
eighth, three-wire spring rolls, summer squash -
ingredients: zucchini, carrot, mushroom, spring roll wrapper -
production methods -
(1) zucchini washed, changed into filaments knife stand. -
(2) carrot the same clean, change the knife into filaments stand. -
(3) placed by hand into a mushroom silk, wash stand. -
(4) the net pot and add refined oil, oil heat, add the West Hulusi, carrots, mushroom silk stir-fry, stir fry carrots behind soft, seasoning with salt, mushrooms fine, (instead of MSG) pepper powder. Because the mushroom will be You can then hook a little bit of thin gravy, pan after cooling for transfer to a plate package spring roll. -
(5) to the leather on the menu board, involved in the filling, sealing in the seal cast batter, one by one made of four rolls of Health embryo. -
(6) Remove from heat, pour into refined oil, till 4 or 5 rolls into the hot investment, and oil temperature control in hot deep fry 4 to 5 into the skin crisp, golden brown when you can. -
-
nineteenth, Toon Pancake -
material: Toon broken, eggs, flour, onion chopped -
condiments: salt, chicken powder, allspice -
practices: -
1, beat the egg, slowly add flour and stir, not their remaining dough, a paste, thick thin with a spoon to scoop up the degree to slow down even as linear subject, and then a little too thin Never mind. Do not be too thick, or pour the batter in the pan movement is not open, relatively thick pancake baked out, taste bad, you can add some appropriate water. -
2, Toon added chopped batter, salt, chicken powder, allspice and mix well. -
3, wiping the pan over medium heat a thin layer of oil, with a tablespoon scoop a spoonful of batter and gently pick up the pot rotation, so Mianhu to the surrounding flow, covered pot. -
4, sprinkle some chopped scallions, pancakes rolled around heat, leaving the bottom of the pot after the turn with a shovel from the side, fry both sides golden. -
5, you can not salt the batter, after Jian Hao brush some sweet sauce, fermented bean curd, chili paste, put a piece of lettuce, cucumber roll Serve pancakes. -
-
twenty, tomato and egg Geda Tang -
materials: flour, eggs, tomatoes, green vegetables -
Seasoning: salt, chicken powder, sesame oil, green onion -
practices: -
1, put a bowl of flour, tap out the tune into a minimum amount of water. Side of the water side of the flour with chopsticks Jiaocheng gnocchi. -
2, beat the egg. -
3, gnocchi into boiling water, boil the tomatoes into pieces and continue to cook. -
4, into the beaten egg, stirring a few chopstick. -
5, add salt, chicken powder, sesame oil, green onion, green vegetables to boil. -
warmth tips: -
want more pieces of dough, chopsticks, stir faster, to a large gnocchi, chopsticks, stir slowly. -
-
the twenty-first, mustard minced meat noodles -
material: mustard, garlic, green bean sprouts, sesame paste, minced meat, soy sauce, sugar, vinegar, wasabi, chicken powder. -
practices: -
1. mustard mince, mince garlic, green bean sprouts, blanch the reserve. -
2. sesame sauce to mix with cold water, add salt, soy sauce, vinegar, mustard. -
3. Oil heat saute onion ginger, dry chilli fried fragrant, add minced meat stir fry to change color, add soy sauce, sugar, cooking wine, chicken powder -
seasoning, add mustard at the end stir fry tasty water. Sheng out of standby. -
4. udon noodles cooked Sheng out, poured into the mustard, minced meat, hemp sauce, sprinkled with green garlic, green bean sprouts and mix well then. -
-
XXII, sesame, red bean cake -
materials: self raising flour, cooked sesame, red bean paste -
practices: -
1, self-raising flour with warm water and all into a soft dough. Water ratio of 1:2. -
2, Xing hair again after 20 minutes of kneading are, Xing made 1 hour, until dough is doubled in size. -
3, Divide the dough into fist-sized agent son, roll into 1 cm thick open patches, evenly coated with a layer of salad oil, leaving 2 cm side. -
4, the red bean salad evenly coated on. -
5, will roll to the left facet at the edge seal. -
6, the rolled dough into four dumplings the size of a large sub-agent agent son. -
7, the sub-agent to pull the bottom of the openings sealed, smooth side up, sealed in, the hand flatten into a pie. -
8, brush a little egg white in the smooth surface, will be cooked sesame seeds fell on the dish, brush the bread with water reverse stick cooked sesame seeds. Micro-Xing hair 5 minutes. -
9, cake pan pan, sesame side down, and fry to golden fried upside down. -
10, hot to eat very soft, cool and then eat the bread pan when the pan, then add sesame seed, sesame side up, add 1-2 teaspoons of water, cap the pan heated to evaporate the water as delicious. -
11, if you like spicy taste, salt and pepper taste, you can also use the five-spice powder, salt and pepper instead of -
-
xxiii, Tremella Sydney barley soup
material: white fungus 10g Sydney 100g barley 40g -
sauce: honey 15g -
practices: -
1, Sydney to Pi Houqie block, Tremella heat blisters hair for half an hour, barley soaked with warm water about 4 hours. -
2, pot and put the right amount of water, the water boiled, add a good soaking barley, cook twenty minutes. -
3, joined Sydney, white fungus can cook for twenty minutes, let cool Drizzle honey.
a meat Dragon -
material: pig meat, self-raising flour -
Seasoning: salt, cooking wine, allspice, sweet sauce, chicken powder, sesame oil, onion ginger at the end, eggs, soy sauce, soy sauce -
practices: -
1, self-raising flour 1 tablespoon warm water and sugar into the dough covered táng 10 minutes. -
2, continue to knead the dough all, cover and ferment until double in size, there is cellular. -
3, the pig meat, salt, cooking wine, allspice, sweet sauce, chicken powder, sesame oil, eggs, soy sauce, soy sauce, ginger, stir one direction. -
4, stuffing mix well then add chopped green onion. -
5, Divide the dough into fist-sized agent son, roll growth round tablets. -
6, will be spread on the surface film on the meat, covering 4 / 5 can, leaving 1 / 5 of the blank, about 2 centimeters wide of the left blank. -
7, roll up patches, leaving space sealing. Then both sides of the Pinch. -
8, the steamer into the tray cloth or coated with a layer of cooking oil, meat will continue long into the steamer tray Xing hair for 30 minutes. -
9, medium heat, water, medium heat for 20 minutes after opening. -
10, after the lid off the heat for 5 minutes then cut out. -
warmth tips: -
self raising flour to make soft pasta announced several key steps: -
1, warm water and surface. -
2, and face when you add 1 tablespoon of sugar to help táng hair. -
3, and made a good 10 minutes after the Xing and continue kneading the dough all. -
4, when the fermentation until double in size, made of pasta and continue Xing hair 30-40 minutes. -
5, in the heat until the water boiled, steamed medium heat. -
6, steamed not to rush to the pan, the pan off the heat for 5 minutes. -
-
Second, jasper cabbage roll -
materials: 6 cabbage leaves, carrot 1, 1 yellow pepper, spinach, 1 -
seasoning sauce: vinegar 5ML, 5 g sugar, Salt to taste, sesame oil 3ML, -
seasoning sauce will be transferred into the juice mixture of materials can be -
practices: -
1, material cleaned to Piqie Si carrot, yellow pepper cut filaments -
2, boil water, respectively, cabbage, carrots, spinach, boiled cooked -
3, spread out a cabbage leaf, will be carrots, spinach, silk, yellow silk of the put some pepper, roll up -
4, cut into 3 ~ 4CM of the pieces, topped with sauce -
-
three Congxiang fried Hanamaki -
materials: self raising flour, onion -
Seasoning: salt -
practices: -
1, self-raising flour with warm water and into a smooth dough, cover the lid Xing hair for 20 minutes. -
2, continue to knead the dough light until the dough to double in size. -
3, Divide the dough into fist-sized agent son, roll into 0.5CM thick patches, sprinkle salt are coated, pour a little cooking oil are coated, sprinkle with chopped scallions rolled patch. -
4, the curled tiles cut into 3 cm thick sub-agent, and then opened the lateral pull on the folded, twisted into a roll up two clenched into Hanamaki cannabis. -
5, will be rolled into the pan cover the lid Hanamaki continue Xing hair for 40 minutes. -
6, heat the pan over medium heat 1 minute to Hanamaki the bottom of the bowl into the water after yellowish cover the lid, over medium heat until the water dried, Hanamaki the bottom of the golden brown -
-
IV sauced noodles -
material: yellow, edible fungus, mushroom, meat, eggs -
seasonings: soy sauce, salt, sugar, chicken powder, sesame oil, starch -
practices: -
1. yellow, bubble fungus, mushroom torn into thin strips aside. -
2. meat with cooking wine, salt, dry starch, marinated for 10 minutes, beat the egg. -
3. oil heat, saute onion ginger, stir into the meat slip loose color, into yellow, edible fungus, mushroom stir fry evenly, into the water, the water did not have material shall prevail. -
4. The water boiled and cook for 10 minutes, add soy sauce, salt, sugar, seasonings water thickening starch hook for the first time. -
5. Kai Guo into the eggs, chopsticks, stir about, will play Dan Hua egg, thickening the second hook. -
6. Kai Guo Drizzle sesame oil, put chicken powder, pan gravy third hook. -
have to fight three times thicken brine, sauce not too thick, too thick a bad taste to just be wrapped around the face as well. Adding starch to a little bit of water, one should not add too much. Add a little sugar can play the role of fresh mention. -
-
V. foundry ginkgo -
this channel a small point, outside the sweet sweet, crisp outside and soft inside. -
approach: first ginkgo in the boiling water, cook the inside, introduced before: Because Ginkgo contains Ginkgo biloba and ginkgo phenolic acids, raw food can make people were poisoned. -
before cooking it to be soaked in warm water for several hours after the first, and then into the water line of the cooking pot and then cooked, so toxic substances dissolve in water and heat evaporation. -
1, ginkgo cooked in plain water to soak inside the spare! -
2, with a little boiled sugar gum, because it is done turn the sand, so do not put honey, just like the use of sugar! -
3, into the gel to the ginkgo later put into cooking. -
4, slightly after the turn off the heat dry the water, the use of the warmth pan shovel to make it from the sand. -
a crisp outside and turned the sand within the Gan ginkgo done! -
-
six, medlar liver spinach porridge -
ingredients: spinach, liver, ginger, rice, salt, chicken, sesame oil, medlar, onion, pepper -
practices: -
1, washed boiled rice porridge -
2, liver biopsy, flying fish out of water, rinse Xuemo stand -
3, shredded ginger, green onions cut foam, wolfberry with blisters open, scalded with boiling water fish out the spinach and cut into sections (in order to remove the oxalic acid in spinach inside) -
4, boil the porridge into the liver slices, spinach, ginger and salt, chicken powder, pepper seasoning into a bowl and pour the pan wolfberry a little sesame oil, then sprinkle onion foam. -
-
seven volumes of gold zombies
first introduce the practice of filling: -
practice: 1. Turnips one. pick Turnips time to pick the flat of Turnips, Turnips is enough so sweet, and no residue. -
2. Today is the pork with sauce sauce; -
3. sauté garlic, Jiarushage and the use of wine and salted fried chicken wire. -
4. to join a fan of cold water till soft. and then add the sauce with pork, column designate sauce, sesame oil, salt, sugar, a little. boil dry behind the pot, add sesame seeds and stems Wu Qian stir well. water can not put too much, do not cook too long, so fans become paste, -
because it is used for fillings, so the flavor a little better. -
egg mixture approach: two eggs, sesame, oil, and pepper, salt, sugar, flour, a little beaten egg mixture, sprinkle with onion Rong (chopped into Rong), dip into egg mixture, bread rolls inside, and then pick it up. -
three points to note: -
1. to eggs is not fishy, be sure to add pepper. -
2. salt, came alive again in the future to lay eggs. egg mixture until smooth fight. -
3 .. dip finished juice to the egg rolls will be dry until the drop down. -
This will be enough Dan Pi, and even golden. -
1. the fans and Turnips fried slice of bread into the stuffing, put garlic to open the folder, so garlic is too strong to disguise the Turnips of sweet taste, with a fresh leaf by Wu Qian Hong (do not like Wu Qian eating friends can hold.). -
2. After all roll with a toothpick stereotypes. -
3. to the pot boil, fry seam position. frying time to low heat, move the pot away from the rolls from time to time to prevent the stick pan zoom. -
4. fried then finished with a stand -
fry until golden Dan Pi change, can serve the. -
-
-
- VIII, fennel shrimp eggs Shui Jianbao -
material: anise, eggs, shrimp -
Seasoning: salt, chicken powder, sesame oil, five-spice powder -
practices: -
1, dumpling powder, add water, knead yeast are, Xing made 1 hour. -
2, add chopped fennel pieces of fried eggs, shrimp, salt, chicken powder, sesame oil, five-spice powder. -
3, surface is ready, pack into a bun, standing 40 minutes, again Xing hair. -
4, baking pan hot, add a little oil, put into the buns, cover cover. -
5, buns after the end of micro-focus to the water into the bowl, cover lid to the water boiled away, steamed brown immediately after the bottom. -
nine, sand and Apple -
Materials: Apple 1, 2 egg, a spoonful of starch, flour scoop, red bean paste amount, amount of sugar -
practices: -
1, apple, peeled, digging stone, cut into thick 0.3CM chip -
2, a set of two pieces of apple slices, in which a painted red bean paste, then put another piece of cover above the bean paste, gently pressed -
3, the clip of apple pieces coated with a good red bean flour -
4, beaten egg, stir, add a spoonful of starch and mix into egg mixture paste -
5, the oil till warm, the apples covered with egg, then into the pot until golden brown, remove and control the excess oil -
6, when to eat can sprinkle some sugar (apple and red bean paste is sweet, so whether to use sugar to free a) -
7, to be eaten while hot, cold, not tasty -
-
ten, grilled leeks -
material: chives, salt, cumin powder, chili powder, pepper, oil, white sesame seeds -
practices: -
1, leeks thoroughly. Pot of water boil, it will leek into the boiled, quickly remove and drain water -
2, twenty-three chives together, slowly roll up from the roots into volume, as far as possible and tight -
3, bamboo paper from the roll through the middle of a good leek -
4, leeks evenly on the brush roll a layer of oil, sprinkle with salt, cumin powder, pepper powder, white sesame seeds -
5, preheat oven to 180 degrees bake 3 minutes -
-
XI, agate egg -
materials: raw salted duck egg, egg (2 duck egg with a ratio of) -
practices: -
1, egg shells stripped, put the bowl on a steamer for 5 minutes, let cool and cut into small pieces -
2, duck egg wash, take a bowl to pick the egg white, raw duck eggs in a sharp, gently knocking a small hole, clean out the Dan Pi and film, revealing a small hole -
3, will go into a little bit small egg, stuffed with duck eggs at the same time will continue to clean out, just a small bowl into the prepared (cleared to cook with duck) -
4, half of the egg go into the basic filling up, almost to the hole sealed egg. When the plug can not be too hard, do not duck yolk racking -
5, the egg of the duck eggs are good stuffed in the bowl, on the steamer and steam for 20 minutes. Then put it to peel cut. -
Note: -
-
1, prior to egg steamed about is the fear of the yolk inside the relatively thin, steamed about it freezing, good cut -
2, steamed duck, when to duck gracefully in the bowl, hole up, coupled with the already filled with egg, the egg will not flow out. If you do not worry, you can seal the small hole on the layer of plastic wrap -
3, is salty duck eggs, egg's own taste, so do not sauce is very tasty -
-
second, beef pie -
materials: ground beef, flour -
Seasonings: wine, soy sauce, soy sauce, allspice, salt, fried bean sauce, chicken powder, sesame oil, green onion, ginger, egg white -
practices: -
1, the temperature of water plays into the flour and stir, hands bunched up into a smooth dough. Tray covered in dough on the wet cloth, Xing half an hour. -
2, ground beef into a large bowl, pour the wine, soy sauce, soy sauce, allspice, salt, fried bean sauce, chicken powder, egg white, ginger, amount of water and sesame oil, stir well preserved after 10 minutes. -
3, taking very light blue green onions, cut into the meat of the same size Unqualified, into the ground beef, stirring evenly. -
4, Divide the dough into fist-sized agent son, roll growth round tablets. -
5, will be spread on the surface film on the meat, covering 4 / 5 can, leaving 1 / 5 of the blank, about 2 centimeters wide of the left blank. -
6, roll up patches, leaving space sealing. Then both sides of the clenched hands, flatten the rolled dough. Gently press the meat should not be pressed out. -
7, pot and pour a little oil, over medium heat five as heat, add the bread into a small fire, double fry golden brown, if the bread is too large, you can cut consumption. -
warmth tips: -
1, meatloaf pork cut into small pieces can be used in place of ground beef at the end. -
2, the ratio of flour and water, 2:0.8. -
3, add a little allspice to taste. -
4, place ground beef in the fried bean sauce taste more special. Can also use the sweet sauce, miso instead, but the fried bean sauce taste better. -
5, carve meat, add in water and an egg white, can make the beef more tender, no fat wood. -
6, transfer the meat to the last place onions, Congxiang relatively mellow. -
-
thirteen, apple custard pie -
raw materials: 60 grams of flour 1 egg 20 grams sugar 40 grams butter 80ml milk half an apple, a little honey, cinnamon -
steps: -
1, sieve the flour into the bowl. -
2, knock eggs into the bowl, beaten egg. -
3, the coarse flour and stir into the liquid a few worried, and then the milk slowly into the flour several times, and change down while stirring the flour and milk and eggs to full integration into the batter and stir with chopsticks batter, can become a very fine line to shed a little off. -
4, then let stand for 10 minutes in the small lumps of flour will naturally eliminate -
5, Apple cut Xiaoding spare. -
6, the half of the butter (10 grams) with microwave heating for 30 seconds to thaw the basic function of melting -
7, where the apple mix and stir in 20 grams of sugar, if there is also sprinkle a little cinnamon and mix well, -
8, and then wrapped the apple butter in a microwave oven to a medium heat 3 minutes, remove, release will double the microwave oven and then heated a couple of minutes, in short, let Apple foam. -
9, remove the apples into the batter, and mix in the remaining 20 grams of sugar. -
10, the remaining melted butter into the pan, and brush evenly, a spoonful of batter and pour into the pot after the turn about, roll it into a Baohou uniform cake. -
11, Alice began to be edges of the edge of the cake, the cookies over and bake the other side, after half a minute can be sung out. -
12, before serving in the apple pie topped with a little honey on the taste better. -
-
XIV Crystal prime steamed -
material: Tofu 200 grams, 100 grams of pickled vegetables, dried mushroom 10, Cheng powder 200 grams, 30 grams starch, water 150ML -
practices: -
1, tofu cut into small pieces, and then go through the filter into the tofu clay -
2, Pickle had twice the water, drained -
3, dried mushrooms, soaked, boiled in water for two minutes, remove and drain water cut into small pieces -
4, three kinds of material mixed together, because there is a salty pickled vegetables, so you can not salt, the point a little sesame oil, pepper to taste -
5, Cheng powder and cornstarch mixture, placed in a container, pour boiling water, while the red side of the mixed approach and mix well, then knead the dough into the case of the board (of water according to the situation under control, do not fall all at once entry to prevent the dough is too sticky) -
6, according to the method dumplings stuffed into the can package. Dumpling dough as ordinary rubber band Cheng Road, easily broken, so do not pack too much stuffing -
7, will be wrapped dumplings into the boiling water pot, and steam for 5-6 minutes -
-
fifth, barracuda soup -
material: barracuda 1 carrot 1 -
spices: garlic, ginger 4g 4g 4g onion red pepper 2g 4g salt, pepper, cooking wine 10g 4g 2g milk chicken 2g -
practices: -
1, barracuda to the scales, gills, abdominal viscera, black film, cleaned, sliced carrots. -
2, the pot a little oil, add barracuda, fry until yellowish sides. -
3, add boiling water, put Jianhao barracuda, ginger, onion, garlic, red pepper, milk, high heat for 10 minutes. -
4, add carrots, simmer for 5 minutes. -
5, the last into the salt, cooking wine, pepper, chicken pan. -
-
sixteen, double mushrooms braised egg yolk -
material: Mushroom 70g egg yolk 70g fresh mushrooms two -
spices: salt, shallot 1g 2g 3g ginger chicken soup 2g 200g -
practices: -
1, mushroom cut out the roots, pick clean, fresh mushrooms, washed, cut into small pieces, cut onion rings to take leaves, ginger mince, cooked egg yolk to take a profile for the second backup. -
2, turn on the water boiling pot, mushroom, fresh mushroom hot pot of boiling water boil for a short bit. -
3, pan to the fire, into the oil pan, the next onion rings, ginger stir incense, into the chicken broth, salt, chicken seasoning, then add mushroom, fresh mushrooms, egg yolk, stew for 2 minutes can be. -
Tips: -
1, chicken broth if not, replace the taste of water will be discounted, the best chicken soup, chicken soup can not eat it if you are afraid, you can put a small box, respectively, into the freezer, easy to use. -
2, can mushroom, fresh mushrooms, other fungi can also be used instead -
-
seventh, Scallion pancake -
Materials: plain flour, eggs, green onion -
Seasoning: salt -
practices: -
1, flour with plain flour, do not use flour dumplings, dumpling powder compared chewiness, not suitable for pancakes. -
2,3 were the first to use plain flour 1 part water Jiaocheng gnocchi, and then into cold water and 0.5 were soft dough. Slowly add cold water, not once Cadogan. -
3, Xing dough and a good 30 minutes. -
4, to roll the dough into thin slices, sprinkle a layer of the right amount of salt, the salt in real hand. -
5, pour some oil patch, do not too much volume to the entire surface covered with a thin film of oil shall prevail. Bread roll when more oil overflows. -
6, sprinkle a layer of chopped green onion, a little patch will be rolled up, the volume was not too tight. -
7, will be rolled up and face reel, roll into a pie. -
8, green onion will face bursting point, it does not matter. -
9, likes to eat a little crisp in the baking pan in a thin wipe of oil, Luo Cheng golden on both sides. Like to eat a little soft, direct branding can be cooked. -
10, beat the egg, egg add a little salt. -
11, place baking pan in the oil, oil heat, pour half of the egg, the egg under the side of the solidified, into the baked good bread and eggs are solid surface after translation into the other half of the egg, Luo Cheng golden on both sides Sheng out after the cut. -
-
eighth, three-wire spring rolls, summer squash -
ingredients: zucchini, carrot, mushroom, spring roll wrapper -
production methods -
(1) zucchini washed, changed into filaments knife stand. -
(2) carrot the same clean, change the knife into filaments stand. -
(3) placed by hand into a mushroom silk, wash stand. -
(4) the net pot and add refined oil, oil heat, add the West Hulusi, carrots, mushroom silk stir-fry, stir fry carrots behind soft, seasoning with salt, mushrooms fine, (instead of MSG) pepper powder. Because the mushroom will be You can then hook a little bit of thin gravy, pan after cooling for transfer to a plate package spring roll. -
(5) to the leather on the menu board, involved in the filling, sealing in the seal cast batter, one by one made of four rolls of Health embryo. -
(6) Remove from heat, pour into refined oil, till 4 or 5 rolls into the hot investment, and oil temperature control in hot deep fry 4 to 5 into the skin crisp, golden brown when you can. -
-
nineteenth, Toon Pancake -
material: Toon broken, eggs, flour, onion chopped -
condiments: salt, chicken powder, allspice -
practices: -
1, beat the egg, slowly add flour and stir, not their remaining dough, a paste, thick thin with a spoon to scoop up the degree to slow down even as linear subject, and then a little too thin Never mind. Do not be too thick, or pour the batter in the pan movement is not open, relatively thick pancake baked out, taste bad, you can add some appropriate water. -
2, Toon added chopped batter, salt, chicken powder, allspice and mix well. -
3, wiping the pan over medium heat a thin layer of oil, with a tablespoon scoop a spoonful of batter and gently pick up the pot rotation, so Mianhu to the surrounding flow, covered pot. -
4, sprinkle some chopped scallions, pancakes rolled around heat, leaving the bottom of the pot after the turn with a shovel from the side, fry both sides golden. -
5, you can not salt the batter, after Jian Hao brush some sweet sauce, fermented bean curd, chili paste, put a piece of lettuce, cucumber roll Serve pancakes. -
-
twenty, tomato and egg Geda Tang -
materials: flour, eggs, tomatoes, green vegetables -
Seasoning: salt, chicken powder, sesame oil, green onion -
practices: -
1, put a bowl of flour, tap out the tune into a minimum amount of water. Side of the water side of the flour with chopsticks Jiaocheng gnocchi. -
2, beat the egg. -
3, gnocchi into boiling water, boil the tomatoes into pieces and continue to cook. -
4, into the beaten egg, stirring a few chopstick. -
5, add salt, chicken powder, sesame oil, green onion, green vegetables to boil. -
warmth tips: -
want more pieces of dough, chopsticks, stir faster, to a large gnocchi, chopsticks, stir slowly. -
-
the twenty-first, mustard minced meat noodles -
material: mustard, garlic, green bean sprouts, sesame paste, minced meat, soy sauce, sugar, vinegar, wasabi, chicken powder. -
practices: -
1. mustard mince, mince garlic, green bean sprouts, blanch the reserve. -
2. sesame sauce to mix with cold water, add salt, soy sauce, vinegar, mustard. -
3. Oil heat saute onion ginger, dry chilli fried fragrant, add minced meat stir fry to change color, add soy sauce, sugar, cooking wine, chicken powder -
seasoning, add mustard at the end stir fry tasty water. Sheng out of standby. -
4. udon noodles cooked Sheng out, poured into the mustard, minced meat, hemp sauce, sprinkled with green garlic, green bean sprouts and mix well then. -
-
XXII, sesame, red bean cake -
materials: self raising flour, cooked sesame, red bean paste -
practices: -
1, self-raising flour with warm water and all into a soft dough. Water ratio of 1:2. -
2, Xing hair again after 20 minutes of kneading are, Xing made 1 hour, until dough is doubled in size. -
3, Divide the dough into fist-sized agent son, roll into 1 cm thick open patches, evenly coated with a layer of salad oil, leaving 2 cm side. -
4, the red bean salad evenly coated on. -
5, will roll to the left facet at the edge seal. -
6, the rolled dough into four dumplings the size of a large sub-agent agent son. -
7, the sub-agent to pull the bottom of the openings sealed, smooth side up, sealed in, the hand flatten into a pie. -
8, brush a little egg white in the smooth surface, will be cooked sesame seeds fell on the dish, brush the bread with water reverse stick cooked sesame seeds. Micro-Xing hair 5 minutes. -
9, cake pan pan, sesame side down, and fry to golden fried upside down. -
10, hot to eat very soft, cool and then eat the bread pan when the pan, then add sesame seed, sesame side up, add 1-2 teaspoons of water, cap the pan heated to evaporate the water as delicious. -
11, if you like spicy taste, salt and pepper taste, you can also use the five-spice powder, salt and pepper instead of -
-
xxiii, Tremella Sydney barley soup
material: white fungus 10g Sydney 100g barley 40g -
sauce: honey 15g -
practices: -
1, Sydney to Pi Houqie block, Tremella heat blisters hair for half an hour, barley soaked with warm water about 4 hours. -
2, pot and put the right amount of water, the water boiled, add a good soaking barley, cook twenty minutes. -
3, joined Sydney, white fungus can cook for twenty minutes, let cool Drizzle honey.
Thursday, March 3, 2011
Detailed RAID technology
Source: Your blog network (yourblog.org)
RAID technology Detailed full name
RAID Redundant Array of Disks, is a ;) In 1987 abbreviations by the Patterson, Gibson and Katz at the University of California, Berkeley branch of the definition of an article. RAID disk array technology allows a group to achieve the necessary data protection and data redundancy, and formed to improve the performance of data read and write band distribution. RAID was originally used for high-end server market, but with the rapid development of computer technology, RAID technology has penetrated into all areas of the computer over. Now, in the home computer motherboard, RAID controller chip can be seen everywhere.
general, RAID systems can exist in a variety of Interface to us for the time being, PATA, SATA and SCSI hard disk can have the appropriate composition of RAID. With the Intel 865/875 series chipsets Group release, domestic market are turning to hard disk interface, SATA, PATA and RAID mode will also benefit from the transition to SATA.
RAID technology with people's use of the process, through a series of changes and development. and in the home market , we generally see only RAID 0, RAID 1 and RAID 0 +1 these types of disk array mode. but from the birth of DFI Lanparty board, we have ushered in the fourth disk array mode, that is, RAID 1.5.
from the actual application, the household formation of the majority of RAID is to further improve the performance of disk read and write, and data backup to reach by other means (such as burning). So, there are only two hard cases, people are willing to try to RAID 0-based, but the birth of RAID 1.5 we changed the concept. What these two relatively inexpensive way of disk array performance with what? Let us as we announced.
RAID 0 :
RAID 0 uses a called a block), the data is divided into from 512 bytes to several megabytes of a number of pieces, and then alternately written to disk. The first one is written to disk 1, the first two were written to disk 2, and so on . When the system reaches the end of a disk array, it is written to disk 1, the next section, it goes on.
segmentation data can be I / O load evenly to all drives. Since the drive can write or read, making the performance improved significantly. However, it has no data protection. If one disk fails, then the data will be completely lost. Therefore, RAID 0 does not apply to mission-critical environment, but it is very suitable for video, image production and editing.
RAID 1:
RAID 1 also known as the mirror, because the data on a disk is completely copied to another disk. If a data disk error, or hard disk there have bad, then another hard disk failure can be remedied due to return to data loss and system outages. In addition, RAID 1 also allows duplex - that you can copy the entire controller, so a disk failure or controller failure , your data can be protected. mirror and duplex disadvantage is the need to double the number of multi-drive to copy data, but the system does not read and write performance and the resulting increase, this may be an amount not small expenditure. RAID l can be achieved by software or hardware.
RAID 2:
RAID 2 is the development of mainframes and supercomputers with Hamming code parity disk array. disk drive group, the first one , No. 2, No. 4 hh n-2 disk drive power of a dedicated parity disk is used for calibration and error correction. the following diagram: the formation of the seven disk drives RAID 2, 1,2, 4 disk drives (red) is the error correction disk, the rest of the (purple) used for storing data. RAID 2 read and write large amount of data has a very high performance, but a small amount of data read and write performance but not good, so RAID 2 uses less real.
the particularity of the RAID 2, as long as we use more disk drives, checking account in which the percentage of disk less. If you want to achieve the ideal speed and better disk utilization rate, it is best to increase the ECC code stored checksum hard, but it will cost to pay more to buy the hard drive to ensure data redundancy. For the controller design, it said than the following RAID 3 , 4 or 5 should be simple.
RAID 3:
RAID 3, or with dedicated parity bit (parity) bands. Every chip has a band equivalent to a space used to store redundant information, that is, a parity bit. parity bit is encoded message data if a disk error, or a disk fails, you can use it to restore the data. In the data-intensive environment or a single user environment , the formation of RAID 3 long continuous record of the visit is beneficial, but as with RAID 2, visit the shorter records, performance will decline.
RAID 4:
RAID 4 is the parity-check codes with independent disk structure. It is similar to RAID 3, RAID 4 is different access to the data is carried out according to the data block. RAID 3 is a one bar, and a vertical bar a RAID 4. So often have access to RAID 3 array All the hard drives, and RAID 4 only access useful hard drive. so read data at a rate greatly increased, but in the written data is required from the data in the hard disk drive and check the hard drive to recover the old data and new data validation, and then test the updated bit write data and hard drives, so the processing time is longer than the RAID 3.
RAID 5:
RAID 5 is also called with distributed parity bands. Each section has put the equivalent of a disk, greatly reducing the burden of parity disk. Despite the loss of some capacity, RAID 5 was able to provide the overall performance of the more perfect, which is widely used as a disk array solutions. It is suitable for input / output intensive, high read / write ratio of applications such as transaction processing.
level in order to have RAID 5 redundancy, we need at least three components of the disk array disk. RAID 5 disk array controller hardware can be achieved by , or by some of the network operating system software.
RAID 6:
RAID 6 is the distribution of storage with two independent parity disk structure code. It uses the distribution of the disks in different The second parity to achieve enhanced RAID 5. It can withstand multiple simultaneous drive failures, but the value used to calculate the parity data and verify the correctness of the time it takes more, resulting in a system load heavier, significantly reduce the overall disk performance, and that requires a very complex system controller. Of course, the introduction of a second parity value, we therefore need is N +2 disks.
RAID 7:
RAID 7 itself with intelligent real-time operating systems and software for storage management tool that can run completely independent of the host, do not take up host CPU resources. RAID 7 storage computer operating system (Storage Computer Operating System) is a Real-time event-driven operating system, mainly used for system initialization and RAID 7 disk array arrangements of all data transmission, and convert them to the appropriate physical storage drive. by Storage Computer Operating System to set and control the access speed enable the host I / O transfer performance to the best. If one disk fails, recovery operations can be performed automatically, and manage the reconstruction process of the backup disk.
RAID 7 use of a non-synchronized access mode, greatly reducing write data bottlenecks and improve the I / O speed. (so-called non-synchronous access, that is, RAID 7 for each I / O interface has a dedicated high-speed access, as the data path or control the flow of information, it can be controlled independently own systems of data for each disk access.) If there are N disks RAID 7, then remove a check disk (for redundancy terms), but can handle N-1 hosts were issued by the system read / write instructions, thereby significantly improving the I / O applications. RAID 7 systems built-in real-time operating system can also automatically sent from the host read / write commands to optimize the processing to intelligently read data may be read into the pre- fast cache, thus greatly reducing the number of head rotation and improve the I / O speed. RAID 7 to help users effectively manage the increasingly large data storage systems, and to improve the efficiency of the system at least more than double to meet the class the different needs of users.
RAID 10 (RAID 0 +1):
RAID 10, also known as the mirror array bands, and now we generally call it RAID 0 +1. RAID 10 (RAID 0 +1) to provide 100% data redundancy and support greater volume size. build RAID 10 (RAID 0 +1) requires 4 disks, two of them into strips and data distribution, providing read and write performance of RAID 0, while the other two was a mirror in front of the two hard drives to ensure complete backup of the data.
RAID 30:
RAID 30 is also known as dedicated parity stripe array. it has RAID 0 and RAID 3's characteristics, the two RAID 3 disk (n = 3 disks) composed of arrays, using a dedicated parity bit, and then form a two disk RAID 0 array, extract data across the disk. RAID 30 provides fault tolerance and support a larger volume size. like as RAID 10, RAID 30 also provides high reliability, because even if there are two physical disk drives fail (one for each array), data is still available.
RAID 30 requires a minimum 6 drives, it is most suitable for non-interactive applications such as streaming video, graphics and image processing. these applications in order to handle large files, and require high availability and speed.
RAID 50:
RAID 50 array known as the distribution of parity stripe. with RAID 30 is similar, and it has RAID 5 and RAID 0 common characteristics. It consists of two sets of RAID 5 disk component (at least 3 each), each group has used the distribution type parity bit, and then formed into two groups of hard drives RAID 0, experimental data collected across the disk. RAID 50 provides reliable data storage and excellent overall performance, and support for larger volume sizes. even if the two physical disk failure (per an array a), data can be successfully recovered.
RAID 50 requires a minimum of 6 drives, it is most suited for applications requiring high reliability storage, high read speed, high-performance data transfer applications. These applications include transaction processing and there are many users accessing small files of the office applications.
RAID 53:
RAID 53 disk structure known as the efficient data transmission. the structure of the implementation of the data section with the Level 0 array, in which each segment is a RAID 3 array. its redundancy and fault tolerance with RAID 3. This requires a high data transfer rate RAID 3 configuration of the system useful, but it is expensive and inefficient.
RAID 1.5:
RAID 1.5 disk array is a new way, it has the characteristics of RAID 0 +1, and different is that its implementation requires only two hard drives. On the surface, the formation of the disk after the RAID 1.5, both have the same data . Of course, RAID 1.5 is a can not use disk space disk array model, therefore, two 80GB hard disk after the formation of RAID 1.5, and RAID 1 is the same, that is, the actual use of space is only 80GB, 80GB is that it also backup data. If the two separate hard drives were running them in the original system, is uninterrupted. but through the practical application, we found that if the two hard drives in separate runs, the data will cause a slight change in the reorganized again disk array, the data can not achieve full recovery, but subject to less disk data.
Since RAID 1.5 and RAID 1 have very similar effects, it is how the experiment striped RAID 0 read and write operate it? So far, we have not really material to prove the following hypothetical: that the disk array controller chip with advanced control functions, allows the two disks in both bands the same way of recording data, but need to read time, the controller has to tell the program to read bands from different hard disk and then read the different bands in order to achieve improved performance of the RAID 0 results.
In fact, for home users , RAID 1.5, or in most cases the realization of improved performance is, after all, with RAID 0 RAID 1.5 features. Therefore, the performance of RAID 1.5 we do for a comparison test. Here, let's take a look at RAID 1.5 Performance:
RAID Level RAID 0 RAID 1 RAID 0 +1 RAID 1.5
name of the band + band mirror image striping + mirroring
allow failure No Yes Yes No copy of the redundant copy of a copy of the type
hot standby operation can not be hard to be number one or more
2 4 2
available capacity to reduce the maximum and minimum capacity among middle
2 50% free disk a disk
high read performance (disk size) were written between the middle of the highest performance high
intermediate between the highest performance high
the middle of a row between writing a typical application of high
rapid trouble-free reading and writing small files to allow failure, random data is written to allow the failure of small files, continuous data transfer small files to allow failure, random data transmission
performance test:
hardware platform
CPU Intel Pentium4 3.0GHz (Northwood, 800MHz FSB)
Graphics Qiheng large silver home Ti4680 VIVO
Driver:
nVIDIA Detonator 4 V43.50
Memory KingMax DDR400 DDRRAM 256MBt2
unified memory parameters set in the DDR 400 AUTO mode
hard Barracuda V SATA 120G (7200rpm, 8MB Cache) t2
DiamondMax 9 PATA 80G (7200rpm, 2MB Cache) t2
Driver:
Intel IAA 3.0 With RAID
motherboard MSI (MSI) 875P NEO
DFI (Diamond) Lanparty PRO875
PS: onboard sound card, network card device drivers for all closed
:
Intel Chipset Software V 5.00
operating system, Windows XP Professional + SP1 English
DirectX DirectX 9.0
testing software software platform
ZDNet WinBench 99 2.0
Sisoft Sandra 2003
HDTach 2.61
this test, we used the ICH 5 of the Soft RAID Promise PDC20378 the RAID function and features formed the SATA-RAID 0 system, and the Lanparty PRO875 motherboard onboard Highpoint 372N established PATA RAID 1.5 were compared. formed PATA SATA disk arrays and disk drives used in an array of different types, so the test results are for reference only.
WinBench 99:
by WinBench 99 tests, we can understand the set up RAID after, whether it is commercial or high-end disk performance, disk performance, have been greatly improved. DiamondMax 9 consisting of two RAID 1.5 in business The most powerful disk performance, reached 21,200, while the high-end disk performance by the ICH 5 RAID 0 SATA disk array control of the lead-leading, performance is quite satisfactory.
To further compare the PATA RAID 1.5 SATA RAID 0 and the difference We made the following comparison test:
HighPoint PATA RAID 1.5
Promise 378 SATA RAID 0
two RAID modes by contrast, we found that using DiamondMax 9 Plus (DiamondMax 9 generation) hard disk in the RAID set the results were very impressive 1.5 system, the disk transfer rates up to 95KB / s, while the average transfer rate is close to 70KB / s. data transmission, the transmission rate volatility is relatively routine, transmission performance and stability. and SATA as good The new generation of disk interface, of course, also showed remarkable strength. through two Baracuda V (Barracuda 5th generation) formed in the disk RAID 0 system, the maximum transfer rate on the outstanding performance without RAID 1.5, but can also be more than 90KB / s, but the minimum transmission rate higher than a certain distance RAID 1.5, the average transfer rate Gengshi Bi RAID 1.5 better.
Sisoft Sandra 2003:
in Sisoft Sandra 2003 disk performance tests, we have adopted an empty disk partition as a test of the target disk capacity are 20G. formed by PATA RAID 1.5 system, its performance did not WinBench 99 test, so good, and the composition of the two control chip SATA RAID 0 far. < br> HighPoint PATA RAID 1.5
Promise SATA RAID 0
ICH 5 SATA RAID 0
HD Tach 2.61:
HighPoint PATA RAID 1.5
Promise SATA RAID 0
ICH5 SATA RAID 0 < br> In the HD Tach 2.61 tests, RAID 1.5 and then show glory, the average 47.8MB / s read speed for an average of only 31.1MB / s for SATA RAID 0 vanquish. But in terms of CPU utilization, SATA RAID 0 were significantly higher than PATA RAID 1.5 is much smaller, the smallest of which is controlled by ICH5 RAID 0 system, only 1.2%. But even the highest CPU utilization RAID 1.5 system is only 2.8%, for the mainstream today than 2GHz machine configuration, it is negligible.
in SYSMark 2002 tests, we found that after the whole set up RAID performance has not been improved so much imagination, but the performance in office will have a 5% increase. PATA hard drives and set up the RAID 1.5 SATA RAID 0 hard drive is not very different form of.
but in PCMark 2002 test, RAID 1.5 RAID 0 level than another, people have to admire.
Summary:
RAID is a kind of a long history of disk array technology. it is the birth not only to ensure that our important data in redundant disk arrays continue to ensure the safe long-term storage, or limitations, an important means to improve performance. So far, RAID technology has been applied to computer penetrated into all areas, while the home computer market, the developers had not considered RAID market, has also been a course of development for several years.
in the past, PATA hard disk of the RAID set in the home market is usually only RAID 0, RAID 1 and RAID 0 +1, but today we have not only witnessed the birth of a RAID 1.5, RAID 1.5 also feel the unique charm. and will soon become the mainstream SATA hard drives RAID 0 system compared to established, PATA hard drives set up The RAID 1.5 not significant weak point, on the contrary, RAID 1.5 PATA hard drive to improve performance is like and to ensure the most efficient way of data security.
RAID technology Detailed full name
RAID Redundant Array of Disks, is a ;) In 1987 abbreviations by the Patterson, Gibson and Katz at the University of California, Berkeley branch of the definition of an article. RAID disk array technology allows a group to achieve the necessary data protection and data redundancy, and formed to improve the performance of data read and write band distribution. RAID was originally used for high-end server market, but with the rapid development of computer technology, RAID technology has penetrated into all areas of the computer over. Now, in the home computer motherboard, RAID controller chip can be seen everywhere.
general, RAID systems can exist in a variety of Interface to us for the time being, PATA, SATA and SCSI hard disk can have the appropriate composition of RAID. With the Intel 865/875 series chipsets Group release, domestic market are turning to hard disk interface, SATA, PATA and RAID mode will also benefit from the transition to SATA.
RAID technology with people's use of the process, through a series of changes and development. and in the home market , we generally see only RAID 0, RAID 1 and RAID 0 +1 these types of disk array mode. but from the birth of DFI Lanparty board, we have ushered in the fourth disk array mode, that is, RAID 1.5.
from the actual application, the household formation of the majority of RAID is to further improve the performance of disk read and write, and data backup to reach by other means (such as burning). So, there are only two hard cases, people are willing to try to RAID 0-based, but the birth of RAID 1.5 we changed the concept. What these two relatively inexpensive way of disk array performance with what? Let us as we announced.
RAID 0 :
RAID 0 uses a called a block), the data is divided into from 512 bytes to several megabytes of a number of pieces, and then alternately written to disk. The first one is written to disk 1, the first two were written to disk 2, and so on . When the system reaches the end of a disk array, it is written to disk 1, the next section, it goes on.
segmentation data can be I / O load evenly to all drives. Since the drive can write or read, making the performance improved significantly. However, it has no data protection. If one disk fails, then the data will be completely lost. Therefore, RAID 0 does not apply to mission-critical environment, but it is very suitable for video, image production and editing.
RAID 1:
RAID 1 also known as the mirror, because the data on a disk is completely copied to another disk. If a data disk error, or hard disk there have bad, then another hard disk failure can be remedied due to return to data loss and system outages. In addition, RAID 1 also allows duplex - that you can copy the entire controller, so a disk failure or controller failure , your data can be protected. mirror and duplex disadvantage is the need to double the number of multi-drive to copy data, but the system does not read and write performance and the resulting increase, this may be an amount not small expenditure. RAID l can be achieved by software or hardware.
RAID 2:
RAID 2 is the development of mainframes and supercomputers with Hamming code parity disk array. disk drive group, the first one , No. 2, No. 4 hh n-2 disk drive power of a dedicated parity disk is used for calibration and error correction. the following diagram: the formation of the seven disk drives RAID 2, 1,2, 4 disk drives (red) is the error correction disk, the rest of the (purple) used for storing data. RAID 2 read and write large amount of data has a very high performance, but a small amount of data read and write performance but not good, so RAID 2 uses less real.
the particularity of the RAID 2, as long as we use more disk drives, checking account in which the percentage of disk less. If you want to achieve the ideal speed and better disk utilization rate, it is best to increase the ECC code stored checksum hard, but it will cost to pay more to buy the hard drive to ensure data redundancy. For the controller design, it said than the following RAID 3 , 4 or 5 should be simple.
RAID 3:
RAID 3, or with dedicated parity bit (parity) bands. Every chip has a band equivalent to a space used to store redundant information, that is, a parity bit. parity bit is encoded message data if a disk error, or a disk fails, you can use it to restore the data. In the data-intensive environment or a single user environment , the formation of RAID 3 long continuous record of the visit is beneficial, but as with RAID 2, visit the shorter records, performance will decline.
RAID 4:
RAID 4 is the parity-check codes with independent disk structure. It is similar to RAID 3, RAID 4 is different access to the data is carried out according to the data block. RAID 3 is a one bar, and a vertical bar a RAID 4. So often have access to RAID 3 array All the hard drives, and RAID 4 only access useful hard drive. so read data at a rate greatly increased, but in the written data is required from the data in the hard disk drive and check the hard drive to recover the old data and new data validation, and then test the updated bit write data and hard drives, so the processing time is longer than the RAID 3.
RAID 5:
RAID 5 is also called with distributed parity bands. Each section has put the equivalent of a disk, greatly reducing the burden of parity disk. Despite the loss of some capacity, RAID 5 was able to provide the overall performance of the more perfect, which is widely used as a disk array solutions. It is suitable for input / output intensive, high read / write ratio of applications such as transaction processing.
level in order to have RAID 5 redundancy, we need at least three components of the disk array disk. RAID 5 disk array controller hardware can be achieved by , or by some of the network operating system software.
RAID 6:
RAID 6 is the distribution of storage with two independent parity disk structure code. It uses the distribution of the disks in different The second parity to achieve enhanced RAID 5. It can withstand multiple simultaneous drive failures, but the value used to calculate the parity data and verify the correctness of the time it takes more, resulting in a system load heavier, significantly reduce the overall disk performance, and that requires a very complex system controller. Of course, the introduction of a second parity value, we therefore need is N +2 disks.
RAID 7:
RAID 7 itself with intelligent real-time operating systems and software for storage management tool that can run completely independent of the host, do not take up host CPU resources. RAID 7 storage computer operating system (Storage Computer Operating System) is a Real-time event-driven operating system, mainly used for system initialization and RAID 7 disk array arrangements of all data transmission, and convert them to the appropriate physical storage drive. by Storage Computer Operating System to set and control the access speed enable the host I / O transfer performance to the best. If one disk fails, recovery operations can be performed automatically, and manage the reconstruction process of the backup disk.
RAID 7 use of a non-synchronized access mode, greatly reducing write data bottlenecks and improve the I / O speed. (so-called non-synchronous access, that is, RAID 7 for each I / O interface has a dedicated high-speed access, as the data path or control the flow of information, it can be controlled independently own systems of data for each disk access.) If there are N disks RAID 7, then remove a check disk (for redundancy terms), but can handle N-1 hosts were issued by the system read / write instructions, thereby significantly improving the I / O applications. RAID 7 systems built-in real-time operating system can also automatically sent from the host read / write commands to optimize the processing to intelligently read data may be read into the pre- fast cache, thus greatly reducing the number of head rotation and improve the I / O speed. RAID 7 to help users effectively manage the increasingly large data storage systems, and to improve the efficiency of the system at least more than double to meet the class the different needs of users.
RAID 10 (RAID 0 +1):
RAID 10, also known as the mirror array bands, and now we generally call it RAID 0 +1. RAID 10 (RAID 0 +1) to provide 100% data redundancy and support greater volume size. build RAID 10 (RAID 0 +1) requires 4 disks, two of them into strips and data distribution, providing read and write performance of RAID 0, while the other two was a mirror in front of the two hard drives to ensure complete backup of the data.
RAID 30:
RAID 30 is also known as dedicated parity stripe array. it has RAID 0 and RAID 3's characteristics, the two RAID 3 disk (n = 3 disks) composed of arrays, using a dedicated parity bit, and then form a two disk RAID 0 array, extract data across the disk. RAID 30 provides fault tolerance and support a larger volume size. like as RAID 10, RAID 30 also provides high reliability, because even if there are two physical disk drives fail (one for each array), data is still available.
RAID 30 requires a minimum 6 drives, it is most suitable for non-interactive applications such as streaming video, graphics and image processing. these applications in order to handle large files, and require high availability and speed.
RAID 50:
RAID 50 array known as the distribution of parity stripe. with RAID 30 is similar, and it has RAID 5 and RAID 0 common characteristics. It consists of two sets of RAID 5 disk component (at least 3 each), each group has used the distribution type parity bit, and then formed into two groups of hard drives RAID 0, experimental data collected across the disk. RAID 50 provides reliable data storage and excellent overall performance, and support for larger volume sizes. even if the two physical disk failure (per an array a), data can be successfully recovered.
RAID 50 requires a minimum of 6 drives, it is most suited for applications requiring high reliability storage, high read speed, high-performance data transfer applications. These applications include transaction processing and there are many users accessing small files of the office applications.
RAID 53:
RAID 53 disk structure known as the efficient data transmission. the structure of the implementation of the data section with the Level 0 array, in which each segment is a RAID 3 array. its redundancy and fault tolerance with RAID 3. This requires a high data transfer rate RAID 3 configuration of the system useful, but it is expensive and inefficient.
RAID 1.5:
RAID 1.5 disk array is a new way, it has the characteristics of RAID 0 +1, and different is that its implementation requires only two hard drives. On the surface, the formation of the disk after the RAID 1.5, both have the same data . Of course, RAID 1.5 is a can not use disk space disk array model, therefore, two 80GB hard disk after the formation of RAID 1.5, and RAID 1 is the same, that is, the actual use of space is only 80GB, 80GB is that it also backup data. If the two separate hard drives were running them in the original system, is uninterrupted. but through the practical application, we found that if the two hard drives in separate runs, the data will cause a slight change in the reorganized again disk array, the data can not achieve full recovery, but subject to less disk data.
Since RAID 1.5 and RAID 1 have very similar effects, it is how the experiment striped RAID 0 read and write operate it? So far, we have not really material to prove the following hypothetical: that the disk array controller chip with advanced control functions, allows the two disks in both bands the same way of recording data, but need to read time, the controller has to tell the program to read bands from different hard disk and then read the different bands in order to achieve improved performance of the RAID 0 results.
In fact, for home users , RAID 1.5, or in most cases the realization of improved performance is, after all, with RAID 0 RAID 1.5 features. Therefore, the performance of RAID 1.5 we do for a comparison test. Here, let's take a look at RAID 1.5 Performance:
RAID Level RAID 0 RAID 1 RAID 0 +1 RAID 1.5
name of the band + band mirror image striping + mirroring
allow failure No Yes Yes No copy of the redundant copy of a copy of the type
hot standby operation can not be hard to be number one or more
2 4 2
available capacity to reduce the maximum and minimum capacity among middle
2 50% free disk a disk
high read performance (disk size) were written between the middle of the highest performance high
intermediate between the highest performance high
the middle of a row between writing a typical application of high
rapid trouble-free reading and writing small files to allow failure, random data is written to allow the failure of small files, continuous data transfer small files to allow failure, random data transmission
performance test:
hardware platform
CPU Intel Pentium4 3.0GHz (Northwood, 800MHz FSB)
Graphics Qiheng large silver home Ti4680 VIVO
Driver:
nVIDIA Detonator 4 V43.50
Memory KingMax DDR400 DDRRAM 256MBt2
unified memory parameters set in the DDR 400 AUTO mode
hard Barracuda V SATA 120G (7200rpm, 8MB Cache) t2
DiamondMax 9 PATA 80G (7200rpm, 2MB Cache) t2
Driver:
Intel IAA 3.0 With RAID
motherboard MSI (MSI) 875P NEO
DFI (Diamond) Lanparty PRO875
PS: onboard sound card, network card device drivers for all closed
:
Intel Chipset Software V 5.00
operating system, Windows XP Professional + SP1 English
DirectX DirectX 9.0
testing software software platform
ZDNet WinBench 99 2.0
Sisoft Sandra 2003
HDTach 2.61
this test, we used the ICH 5 of the Soft RAID Promise PDC20378 the RAID function and features formed the SATA-RAID 0 system, and the Lanparty PRO875 motherboard onboard Highpoint 372N established PATA RAID 1.5 were compared. formed PATA SATA disk arrays and disk drives used in an array of different types, so the test results are for reference only.
WinBench 99:
by WinBench 99 tests, we can understand the set up RAID after, whether it is commercial or high-end disk performance, disk performance, have been greatly improved. DiamondMax 9 consisting of two RAID 1.5 in business The most powerful disk performance, reached 21,200, while the high-end disk performance by the ICH 5 RAID 0 SATA disk array control of the lead-leading, performance is quite satisfactory.
To further compare the PATA RAID 1.5 SATA RAID 0 and the difference We made the following comparison test:
HighPoint PATA RAID 1.5
Promise 378 SATA RAID 0
two RAID modes by contrast, we found that using DiamondMax 9 Plus (DiamondMax 9 generation) hard disk in the RAID set the results were very impressive 1.5 system, the disk transfer rates up to 95KB / s, while the average transfer rate is close to 70KB / s. data transmission, the transmission rate volatility is relatively routine, transmission performance and stability. and SATA as good The new generation of disk interface, of course, also showed remarkable strength. through two Baracuda V (Barracuda 5th generation) formed in the disk RAID 0 system, the maximum transfer rate on the outstanding performance without RAID 1.5, but can also be more than 90KB / s, but the minimum transmission rate higher than a certain distance RAID 1.5, the average transfer rate Gengshi Bi RAID 1.5 better.
Sisoft Sandra 2003:
in Sisoft Sandra 2003 disk performance tests, we have adopted an empty disk partition as a test of the target disk capacity are 20G. formed by PATA RAID 1.5 system, its performance did not WinBench 99 test, so good, and the composition of the two control chip SATA RAID 0 far. < br> HighPoint PATA RAID 1.5
Promise SATA RAID 0
ICH 5 SATA RAID 0
HD Tach 2.61:
HighPoint PATA RAID 1.5
Promise SATA RAID 0
ICH5 SATA RAID 0 < br> In the HD Tach 2.61 tests, RAID 1.5 and then show glory, the average 47.8MB / s read speed for an average of only 31.1MB / s for SATA RAID 0 vanquish. But in terms of CPU utilization, SATA RAID 0 were significantly higher than PATA RAID 1.5 is much smaller, the smallest of which is controlled by ICH5 RAID 0 system, only 1.2%. But even the highest CPU utilization RAID 1.5 system is only 2.8%, for the mainstream today than 2GHz machine configuration, it is negligible.
in SYSMark 2002 tests, we found that after the whole set up RAID performance has not been improved so much imagination, but the performance in office will have a 5% increase. PATA hard drives and set up the RAID 1.5 SATA RAID 0 hard drive is not very different form of.
but in PCMark 2002 test, RAID 1.5 RAID 0 level than another, people have to admire.
Summary:
RAID is a kind of a long history of disk array technology. it is the birth not only to ensure that our important data in redundant disk arrays continue to ensure the safe long-term storage, or limitations, an important means to improve performance. So far, RAID technology has been applied to computer penetrated into all areas, while the home computer market, the developers had not considered RAID market, has also been a course of development for several years.
in the past, PATA hard disk of the RAID set in the home market is usually only RAID 0, RAID 1 and RAID 0 +1, but today we have not only witnessed the birth of a RAID 1.5, RAID 1.5 also feel the unique charm. and will soon become the mainstream SATA hard drives RAID 0 system compared to established, PATA hard drives set up The RAID 1.5 not significant weak point, on the contrary, RAID 1.5 PATA hard drive to improve performance is like and to ensure the most efficient way of data security.
Wednesday, March 2, 2011
Verizon Telecom FTTH can learn from the experience
Blog of the company at Verizon, Verizon FiOS recently released the latest data, as of the end of March, Verizon's FiOS network has covered 680 million homes and businesses in 16 states had more than 417 million feet laying fiber. In all regions , currently has 864,000 FiOS Internet customers, and 348,000 FiOSTV users.
FTTH in China is still only a state of thunder does not rain, look at overseas markets should be subject to reference and help, in North America, Verizon is a good example, from Verizon's data, its deployed according to plan, explain it in firmly implementing and promoting its FiOS fiber to the home project strategy. China Telecom and China Netcom also has been concerned about the FTTH projects, particularly their use of technology and business delivery model. So, in addition to Asia Pacific markets outside Japan, South Korea, the North American market, the rapid advance of fiber to the home network is able to give some confidence in the domestic carriers, thereby promoting the development of FTTH in China it? specific view, I'm afraid not, this latest data released by the Verizon proceeding, integrated other information to a simple analysis:
from published data, the present, for Verizon, its FiOS market penetration is more low, Internet business is about 13%, television business is 5%. in the promotion of early, so that penetration is OK, but if you do not quickly improve, cost recovery will take a long time, for high input fiber to the home This is particularly true project. Verizon expects that by 2010, its market penetration to reach 50%, but the situation may not be so optimistic, an important reason is that home networking market, accounting for about 70% share of radio and television operators will fight back immediately; China's fixed-line operators, the possibility of using Verizon foot of this model, we have not see a long-term planning, this one; Second, in seemingly competitive, but in reality the monopoly fixed-line market in China , whether it is telecommunications or China Netcom, probably will not consider a large investment in network construction, and gradually increase the number of users of way for construction.
benefit from a cost point of view, fiber to the home of the high cost of network construction. Verizon on FiOS on to put over 20 billion U.S. dollars, cost thousands of dollars per household or more. However, Verizon in order to promote FTTH, has adopted a low-rate policy, is currently in its launch of the package among the exclusive downstream 5M / 2M uplink at a cost of $ 39.99, exclusive downstream 15M / uplink 2M, cost $ 49.99. and we do not guarantee the current down to about 1 trillion is 20 dollars. This is mainly because Verizon to adopt flexible policies to operators from the Radio and Television grab the hands of customers. Back to the China telecommunications market, to take fiber to the home if the low-rate policy, only time will stretch back into the other, also with optical access to a hands xDSL copper access each Bo, the current cases unrealistic, what time can it? that Netcom and Telecom full competition when the attack when the other market conditions and strategic nature is not the same.
FiOS uses GPON technology to provide users with data, voice and video services, video services is the North American radio and television operators and grab users, the vast majority of 348,000 TV customers to cancel service in favor of the original broadcast it, of course, FiOSTV the quality and number of channels can also comparable to traditional television. If can not offer TV services, I do not think Verizon will quickly advance fiber to the home. in the Chinese telecommunications market, Telecom and China Netcom can operate even if the IPTV, however, IPTV can not replace traditional TV, in a short time will not be a universal service, Therefore, Telecom and China Netcom's determination to promote the fiber to the home will be greatly reduced.
Thus, Verizon's approach to China's fixed-line operators, the current is unlikely to learn. The reason is that environmental factors, which is higher level issues, in order to promote faster development of China Telecom has also, perhaps we should first learn from the policy environment and competitive environment.
with: FiOS Highlights (and the full fact sheet below):
Atthe end of March 2007, Verizon had passed nearly 6.8 million homes andbusinesses n installing more than 417 million feet of fiber in parts of16 states.
Verizonexpects to continue passing some 3 million premises annually through2010, when the company expects to have passed about 18 million homes, or over half the homes it serves.
Verizonwill begin boosting speeds and capabilities on its all-fiber networkwhen it begins deploying advanced G-PON electronics in 2007. This technology can increase downstream broadband speeds by up to four times, and upstream speeds by eight times.
Atthe end of March 2007, Verizon was marketing its high-speed FiOSInternet service n with downstream speeds of up to 50 Mbps and upstreamspeeds of up to 10 Mbps n in over 1,700 communities in all 16 stateswhere the company is building its FTTP network.
Verizon had 864,000 FiOS Internet customers and 348,000 FiOS TV customers at the end of March 2007.
Verizonexpects to attract up to 7 million FiOS Internet customers by year-end2010 na penetration rate of 35 percent to 40 percent.
At the end of March 2007, Verizonrs FiOS TV service was available to 3.1 million premises in 10 of the states
Verizonexpects to attract from 3 million to 4 million FiOS TV customers by2010, which would be a market penetration of 20 percent to 25 percent.
FTTH in China is still only a state of thunder does not rain, look at overseas markets should be subject to reference and help, in North America, Verizon is a good example, from Verizon's data, its deployed according to plan, explain it in firmly implementing and promoting its FiOS fiber to the home project strategy. China Telecom and China Netcom also has been concerned about the FTTH projects, particularly their use of technology and business delivery model. So, in addition to Asia Pacific markets outside Japan, South Korea, the North American market, the rapid advance of fiber to the home network is able to give some confidence in the domestic carriers, thereby promoting the development of FTTH in China it? specific view, I'm afraid not, this latest data released by the Verizon proceeding, integrated other information to a simple analysis:
from published data, the present, for Verizon, its FiOS market penetration is more low, Internet business is about 13%, television business is 5%. in the promotion of early, so that penetration is OK, but if you do not quickly improve, cost recovery will take a long time, for high input fiber to the home This is particularly true project. Verizon expects that by 2010, its market penetration to reach 50%, but the situation may not be so optimistic, an important reason is that home networking market, accounting for about 70% share of radio and television operators will fight back immediately; China's fixed-line operators, the possibility of using Verizon foot of this model, we have not see a long-term planning, this one; Second, in seemingly competitive, but in reality the monopoly fixed-line market in China , whether it is telecommunications or China Netcom, probably will not consider a large investment in network construction, and gradually increase the number of users of way for construction.
benefit from a cost point of view, fiber to the home of the high cost of network construction. Verizon on FiOS on to put over 20 billion U.S. dollars, cost thousands of dollars per household or more. However, Verizon in order to promote FTTH, has adopted a low-rate policy, is currently in its launch of the package among the exclusive downstream 5M / 2M uplink at a cost of $ 39.99, exclusive downstream 15M / uplink 2M, cost $ 49.99. and we do not guarantee the current down to about 1 trillion is 20 dollars. This is mainly because Verizon to adopt flexible policies to operators from the Radio and Television grab the hands of customers. Back to the China telecommunications market, to take fiber to the home if the low-rate policy, only time will stretch back into the other, also with optical access to a hands xDSL copper access each Bo, the current cases unrealistic, what time can it? that Netcom and Telecom full competition when the attack when the other market conditions and strategic nature is not the same.
FiOS uses GPON technology to provide users with data, voice and video services, video services is the North American radio and television operators and grab users, the vast majority of 348,000 TV customers to cancel service in favor of the original broadcast it, of course, FiOSTV the quality and number of channels can also comparable to traditional television. If can not offer TV services, I do not think Verizon will quickly advance fiber to the home. in the Chinese telecommunications market, Telecom and China Netcom can operate even if the IPTV, however, IPTV can not replace traditional TV, in a short time will not be a universal service, Therefore, Telecom and China Netcom's determination to promote the fiber to the home will be greatly reduced.
Thus, Verizon's approach to China's fixed-line operators, the current is unlikely to learn. The reason is that environmental factors, which is higher level issues, in order to promote faster development of China Telecom has also, perhaps we should first learn from the policy environment and competitive environment.
with: FiOS Highlights (and the full fact sheet below):
Atthe end of March 2007, Verizon had passed nearly 6.8 million homes andbusinesses n installing more than 417 million feet of fiber in parts of16 states.
Verizonexpects to continue passing some 3 million premises annually through2010, when the company expects to have passed about 18 million homes, or over half the homes it serves.
Verizonwill begin boosting speeds and capabilities on its all-fiber networkwhen it begins deploying advanced G-PON electronics in 2007. This technology can increase downstream broadband speeds by up to four times, and upstream speeds by eight times.
Atthe end of March 2007, Verizon was marketing its high-speed FiOSInternet service n with downstream speeds of up to 50 Mbps and upstreamspeeds of up to 10 Mbps n in over 1,700 communities in all 16 stateswhere the company is building its FTTP network.
Verizon had 864,000 FiOS Internet customers and 348,000 FiOS TV customers at the end of March 2007.
Verizonexpects to attract up to 7 million FiOS Internet customers by year-end2010 na penetration rate of 35 percent to 40 percent.
At the end of March 2007, Verizonrs FiOS TV service was available to 3.1 million premises in 10 of the states
Verizonexpects to attract from 3 million to 4 million FiOS TV customers by2010, which would be a market penetration of 20 percent to 25 percent.
Tuesday, March 1, 2011
Love love drug solution 141, the only experience, only the results
Author / autumn heart
do not ask instead, the text does not specify the original author is the theft of the fruits of labor of others, that not only do not respect me, but also an insult to your own personality.
Answer at the fall of the heart free online: Dr Lam
Hello, I am 31 years old, had a first love feeling good boyfriend, but later as a third party (my fault) separately, and then talked about many times in love, met a very attractive All my men, but all because of various improper fruitless. I lost faith in love, never find that feeling of passion and heart, and even met a good man to me, I also suspect he does not know and a woman, trouble not appeal to me. I'm afraid your life will be like, and finally to old age alone, and occasionally think of these things almost fall apart, asks you to help me!
Autumn Heart Reply:
31-year-old woman, from the is married, so called Cantonese saying goes, the worst. I believe this crisis, you know what, only to turn to me.
both aware of the problem himself, and then they would have to change your mind, watch your tell, should be is excessive perfectionism and self-people, for people with high demands on the situation, unfortunately they forgot to look at ourselves. you both look forward to have a wonderful heart of emotion, romantic and considerate and expect to understand each other to get along with girls, days, how best intentions, many good lover, but, my dear, you perfect? so good man, you have really afford to match? mm high, while in the eye and must not forget to reflect on their own terms, Prince Charming no one wants to, but you also have to be Snow White for the job is not Snow White, Cinderella, at least have to be ah! So you are both one? even, they have to see if they have No luck ah! world has never really perfect, a pair of beautiful partner, is well combined with each other their own synthesis of the perfect fifth, you understand?
addition to adjust their attitude, addition is to determine their goals, to think clearly now, you really what to expect marriage? just want to find a partner, or want to love, under ripe? If you just want to find a mate to all aspects of conditions to measure heart of the affair Do not demanding too much respect to; If you can not accept marriage without love, there is no way to marry and to marry, then efforts to improve their own sound, and then wait for the real life that belongs to you cup of tea, Enron fear Love to, as I said: stand waiting, anti afford lonely, flowers will open mm This requires that you have not waiting for the collapse of the wisdom and courage of your convictions.
others can only give you suggestions save you, the end is your own.
autumn heart, hello. I am now chasing a girl, I really do love her. but she is one of those relatively headstrong girl, I am more we are together hard, but I am willing, but also go all out. can be around friends all say we do not fit, let me give up, choose a man love me more in love get married. I'm afraid the final two people can come together. I 28 years old, prior to chase a girl did not catch up with 3 years experience. I'm afraid this is also the same as last time, after a few years but still not successful. I am the fear of failure and loss. I am very entangled, can you help me answer the next you?
autumn heart replies:
emotional and marriage as shoes, fit or not, comfortable or not, only he knows, so now this girl is worth your wait, but only you know what. In my opinion, to meet a person like yourself are rare, and it is worthy, not to mention, do not let go of one you like, you are bound to encounter a love you more people? hard to get along with a variety of reasons, including her headstrong each maturity, life values, different conflict, the other, but also with your own mind about the character, such as the view of things treatment attitudes, people can grow, including you and her, so in the end, what will happen to this relationship, you need to look at the efforts of both sides, but also to see by chance.
As you fear, if take a few years later is still unsuccessful, how do? Oh, who is not of defeat to success? It is because of failure, the joy of success was obtained contrast, no one can say that a relationship will not succeed, no one dared that fear of failure for a man dating you will be successful mm all, only experience, only the results, do not you?
So, do not be afraid, listen to your heart necessary guidance, good and improve their growth, treat each other, to believe that life will return pays off; bloom or not to ask out, but the kinds of values, watered.
do not ask instead, the text does not specify the original author is the theft of the fruits of labor of others, that not only do not respect me, but also an insult to your own personality.
Answer at the fall of the heart free online: Dr Lam
Hello, I am 31 years old, had a first love feeling good boyfriend, but later as a third party (my fault) separately, and then talked about many times in love, met a very attractive All my men, but all because of various improper fruitless. I lost faith in love, never find that feeling of passion and heart, and even met a good man to me, I also suspect he does not know and a woman, trouble not appeal to me. I'm afraid your life will be like, and finally to old age alone, and occasionally think of these things almost fall apart, asks you to help me!
Autumn Heart Reply:
31-year-old woman, from the is married, so called Cantonese saying goes, the worst. I believe this crisis, you know what, only to turn to me.
both aware of the problem himself, and then they would have to change your mind, watch your tell, should be is excessive perfectionism and self-people, for people with high demands on the situation, unfortunately they forgot to look at ourselves. you both look forward to have a wonderful heart of emotion, romantic and considerate and expect to understand each other to get along with girls, days, how best intentions, many good lover, but, my dear, you perfect? so good man, you have really afford to match? mm high, while in the eye and must not forget to reflect on their own terms, Prince Charming no one wants to, but you also have to be Snow White for the job is not Snow White, Cinderella, at least have to be ah! So you are both one? even, they have to see if they have No luck ah! world has never really perfect, a pair of beautiful partner, is well combined with each other their own synthesis of the perfect fifth, you understand?
addition to adjust their attitude, addition is to determine their goals, to think clearly now, you really what to expect marriage? just want to find a partner, or want to love, under ripe? If you just want to find a mate to all aspects of conditions to measure heart of the affair Do not demanding too much respect to; If you can not accept marriage without love, there is no way to marry and to marry, then efforts to improve their own sound, and then wait for the real life that belongs to you cup of tea, Enron fear Love to, as I said: stand waiting, anti afford lonely, flowers will open mm This requires that you have not waiting for the collapse of the wisdom and courage of your convictions.
others can only give you suggestions save you, the end is your own.
autumn heart, hello. I am now chasing a girl, I really do love her. but she is one of those relatively headstrong girl, I am more we are together hard, but I am willing, but also go all out. can be around friends all say we do not fit, let me give up, choose a man love me more in love get married. I'm afraid the final two people can come together. I 28 years old, prior to chase a girl did not catch up with 3 years experience. I'm afraid this is also the same as last time, after a few years but still not successful. I am the fear of failure and loss. I am very entangled, can you help me answer the next you?
autumn heart replies:
emotional and marriage as shoes, fit or not, comfortable or not, only he knows, so now this girl is worth your wait, but only you know what. In my opinion, to meet a person like yourself are rare, and it is worthy, not to mention, do not let go of one you like, you are bound to encounter a love you more people? hard to get along with a variety of reasons, including her headstrong each maturity, life values, different conflict, the other, but also with your own mind about the character, such as the view of things treatment attitudes, people can grow, including you and her, so in the end, what will happen to this relationship, you need to look at the efforts of both sides, but also to see by chance.
As you fear, if take a few years later is still unsuccessful, how do? Oh, who is not of defeat to success? It is because of failure, the joy of success was obtained contrast, no one can say that a relationship will not succeed, no one dared that fear of failure for a man dating you will be successful mm all, only experience, only the results, do not you?
So, do not be afraid, listen to your heart necessary guidance, good and improve their growth, treat each other, to believe that life will return pays off; bloom or not to ask out, but the kinds of values, watered.
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